{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/300-bi-gong/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫","title":"閟宫","group":"颂","region":"鲁颂","collectionSection":"駉之什","theme":"婚恋","period":"春秋","quote":"閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。","summary":"围绕相遇、爱慕、婚姻或关系的变化展开，人物的愿望与礼俗彼此交织","interpretation":{"scene":"长篇从姜嫄、后稷、太王、文武王讲到周公封鲁与僖公祭祀，继而铺陈牛牲、万舞、战车、山川和新庙营建。鲁国把自身嵌入周王朝祖先史。","emotionalArc":"九章以上不断累加谱系、祭品和疆域，祝福从寿考扩张到征服戎狄淮夷。末段砍伐松柏、建成寝庙，让宏大历史落在土木工程。","modernReading":"地方身份可以通过记忆凝聚，也会排除被征服者与劳动者。现代阅读应补入工匠、士卒、贡赋者和周边族群的声音，拒绝把扩张等同文明。\n\n《閟宫》把鲁国合法性从姜嫄后稷一路接到周公和僖公，长谱系让当下祭祀显得天经地义；现代阅读应把它视作政治记忆建构，而非无缝编年。牛牲、万舞、车马和新庙都需要畜养、乐舞、伐木、运输与工匠劳动，宏伟建筑也会改变土地和森林。对戎狄、荆舒、淮夷的征服祝愿来自鲁周中心，不能代表这些群体的经验，更不能把扩张自动等同文明。现代地方认同可以珍惜祖先与建筑，同时承认多族群历史、战争伤亡和劳动贡献。全篇可能层累，章数、僖公功业、閟宫位置和疆域范围都需与金文考古互证；“泰山岩岩”等不能绘成精确版图。庙成之后谁使用、谁供给和谁被排除，诗中仍然沉默。","boundary":"篇章可能有层累，鲁僖公史系、閟宫建筑和疆域叙述需与金文考古互证。对淮夷蛮貊的称呼来自鲁周立场。\n\n姜嫄、后稷与周公的谱系是鲁国说明自身位置的方式，不意味着其他地方记忆无效。现代展示应区分神话、传统史系和可考材料，并允许观众看见它们如何共同塑造身份。松柏被加工为梁柱，庙宇荣耀也有生态与维护成本；若只赞建筑而不记录工匠、林木和供役者，历史仍不完整。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-1","original":"閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。","translation":"深闭的宗庙清静庄严，坚固而肃穆。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-2","original":"赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。","translation":"显赫的姜嫄德行正直，","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-3","original":"上帝是依，无灾无害。","translation":"上帝眷顾她，使她无灾无害。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-4","original":"弥月不迟，是生后稷。","translation":"怀胎足月、不迟不早，生下后稷，","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-5","original":"降之百福。","translation":"上天赐他百般福泽。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-6","original":"黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。","translation":"黍稷早晚成熟，豆麦先后播种；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-7","original":"奄有下国，俾民稼穑。","translation":"他拥有天下，使百姓懂得耕种收获。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-8","original":"有稷有黍，有稻有秬。","translation":"有稷有黍，有稻也有黑黍。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-1-9","original":"奄有下土，缵禹之绪。","translation":"周人拥有天下，继承大禹事业。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-1","original":"后稷之孙，实维大王。","translation":"后稷的后代，正是太王。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-2","original":"居岐之阳，实始剪商。","translation":"太王居住岐山南面，从此开始削弱殷商。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-3","original":"至于文武，缵大王之绪，","translation":"到文王武王，继续太王事业，","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-4","original":"致天之届，于牧之野。","translation":"在牧野实现上天赐予的胜利。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-5","original":"无二无虞，上帝临女。","translation":"将士不要怀有二心，上帝正俯视你们。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-2-6","original":"敦商之旅，克咸厥功。","translation":"攻击商军，终于成就全部功业。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-1","original":"王曰叔父，建尔元子，俾侯于鲁。","translation":"武王说：","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-2","original":"大启尔宇，为周室辅。","translation":"叔父周公，册立你的长子，让他到鲁国做诸侯。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-3","original":"乃命鲁公，俾侯于东。","translation":"大大开拓你的疆土，做周王室的辅翼。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-4","original":"锡之山川，土田附庸。","translation":"于是册命鲁公，让他在东方建国；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-5","original":"周公之孙，庄公之子。","translation":"赐给山川、田地和附属小国。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-6","original":"龙旂承祀。六辔耳耳。","translation":"周公的孙子、庄公的儿子鲁僖公，","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-7","original":"春秋匪解，享祀不忒。","translation":"举着龙旗承办祭祀，六条缰绳柔顺。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-8","original":"皇皇后帝！皇祖后稷！","translation":"春秋两季从不懈怠，祭享从不出错。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-9","original":"享以骍牺，是飨是宜。","translation":"伟大的天帝，伟大的始祖后稷！","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-10","original":"降福既多，周公皇祖，亦其福女。","translation":"献上红色祭牛，愿神灵悦纳享用，降下众多福泽。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-11","original":"秋而载尝，夏而楅衡，白牡骍刚。","translation":"伟大的祖先周公，也会赐福给你。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-12","original":"牺尊将将，毛炰胾羹。","translation":"秋天举行尝祭，夏天给牛角加横木；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-13","original":"笾豆大房，万舞洋洋。","translation":"献上白色公牛和红色公牛。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-14","original":"孝孙有庆。","translation":"牺尊整齐，烧肉、肉块和肉羹齐备，食器和大俎陈列，万舞盛大展开。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-15","original":"俾尔炽而昌，俾尔寿而臧。","translation":"孝顺后人享有福庆。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-16","original":"保彼东方，鲁邦是尝。","translation":"愿你兴盛昌隆、长寿安康，守护东方鲁国。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-17","original":"不亏不崩，不震不腾。","translation":"国基不亏损、不崩塌，不震荡、不翻覆。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-3-18","original":"三寿作朋，如冈如陵。","translation":"愿三位长寿老人相伴，福寿如山冈丘陵。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-1","original":"公车千乘，朱英绿縢。","translation":"鲁侯有战车千辆，矛饰红缨、","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-2","original":"二矛重弓。","translation":"弓缠绿绳，配有两支长矛和两张弓。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-3","original":"公徒三万，贝胄朱綅。","translation":"士卒三万，贝饰头盔缀着红线。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-4","original":"烝徒增增，戎狄是膺，","translation":"大军人数众多，抵御戎狄、","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-5","original":"荆舒是惩，则莫我敢承！","translation":"惩罚荆舒，便无人敢抵挡我们！","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-6","original":"俾尔昌而炽，俾尔寿而富。","translation":"愿你昌盛兴旺，愿你长寿富足。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-7","original":"黄发台背，寿胥与试。","translation":"愿你黄发驼背，长寿者彼此任用。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-8","original":"俾尔昌而大，俾尔耆而艾。","translation":"愿你昌盛壮大，活到高龄。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-4-9","original":"万有千岁，眉寿无有害。","translation":"千年万年，眉寿无灾无害。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-5-1","original":"泰山岩岩，鲁邦所詹。","translation":"泰山高峻，是鲁国仰望的山岳。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-5-2","original":"奄有龟蒙，遂荒大东。","translation":"拥有龟山蒙山，继而拓展东方，","rawBlock":4},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-5-3","original":"至于海邦，淮夷来同。","translation":"直到海边诸国，淮夷都来会同。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-5-4","original":"莫不率从，鲁侯之功。","translation":"没有谁不顺从，这是鲁侯的功绩。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-6-1","original":"保有凫绎，遂荒徐宅。","translation":"守有凫山绎山，继而拓展徐国土地，","rawBlock":5},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-6-2","original":"至于海邦，淮夷蛮貊。","translation":"直到海边，淮夷、蛮族、貊族。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-6-3","original":"及彼南夷，莫不率从。","translation":"以及那些南方部族，无不顺从。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-6-4","original":"莫敢不诺，鲁侯是若。","translation":"没有谁敢不应诺，都顺从鲁侯。","rawBlock":5}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7","number":7,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7-1","original":"天锡公纯嘏，眉寿保鲁。","translation":"上天赐给鲁侯纯厚福泽，使他长寿并守护鲁国。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7-2","original":"居常与许，复周公之宇。","translation":"居有常地和许地，恢复周公旧日疆土。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7-3","original":"鲁侯燕喜，令妻寿母。","translation":"鲁侯安乐欢喜，妻子贤淑、母亲长寿；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7-4","original":"宜大夫庶士，邦国是有。","translation":"大夫众士各得其宜，国家人才充足。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-7-5","original":"既多受祉，黄发儿齿。","translation":"已经承受众多福祉，直到黄发重新长出童齿。","rawBlock":6}]},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-8","number":8,"segments":[{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-8-1","original":"徂徠之松，新甫之柏。","translation":"徂徕山的松树、新甫山的柏树，","rawBlock":7},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-8-2","original":"是断是度，是寻是尺。","translation":"被砍伐、量度，一寻一尺地加工。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-8-3","original":"松桷有舄，路寝孔硕，新庙奕奕。","translation":"松木椽子粗大，正寝十分宽敞，新庙高大盛美。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"鲁颂-閟宫-stanza-8-4","original":"奚斯所作，孔曼且硕，万民是若。","translation":"这是奚斯主持建造，规模绵长宏大，万民无不顺从。","rawBlock":7}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"黍","category":"植物","description":"黍是北方重要谷物，可煮食、酿酒，也进入祭祀供献。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shu-millet-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"黍水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；黍；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；黍；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；黍；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；黍；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"稷","category":"植物","description":"稷是先秦重要谷物名称，也因其农业地位进入国家与祭祀语言。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ji-foxtail-millet-v1.webp","imageAlt":"稷水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；稷；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；稷；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；稷；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；稷；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"菽","category":"植物","description":"“菽”泛指豆类，是先秦重要粮食和副食作物。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shu-bean-pods-v1.webp","imageAlt":"菽水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；菽；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；菽；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；菽；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有下国，俾民稼穑。有稷有黍，有稻有秬。奄有下土，缵禹之绪。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"鲁颂·駉之什·閟宫；菽；原句“閟宫有侐，实实枚枚。赫赫姜嫄，其德不回。上帝是依，无灾无害。弥月不迟，是生后稷。降之百福。黍稷重穋，稙稚菽麦。奄有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