{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/289-xiao-bi/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"周颂-小毖","title":"小毖","group":"颂","region":"周颂","collectionSection":"闵予小子之什","theme":"礼乐","period":"西周","quote":"予其惩，而毖后患。","summary":"以礼仪、德行与群体生活为中心，在反复吟唱中表达赞美、期望或规劝","interpretation":{"scene":"说话者从过去祸患吸取教训，告诫自己不要轻视蜂虿和小鸟，也承认国家多难、自己又陷苦蓼。微小危险与巨大后果相连。","emotionalArc":"短篇由予其惩推进到毖彼后患，再以肇允彼桃虫的误判转折。最后未堪家多难把自然比喻落回治理压力。","modernReading":"风险管理需要重视早期信号，却不能把一切小事都当灾难。现代制度应分级评估、记录近失事件并避免恐惧式决策。\n\n桃虫变鸟与蜂虿伤人说明人会低估早期信号，但现代风险治理还需概率、证据和分级响应，避免小题无限扩大。管蔡之乱的传统对应并非诗内明说，物种观察也有古今差异；说话者是否真正吸取教训没有后续记录。","boundary":"传统多联系成王惩管蔡之乱，也有一般自戒说。蜂虿、桃虫和飞鸟的比喻对象不可唯一锁定，苦蓼是困境意象。\n\n蜂虿与桃虫的物种对应同样不可过度确定。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"周颂-小毖-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"周颂-小毖-stanza-1-1","original":"予其惩，而毖后患。","translation":"我将从过去吸取教训，谨防日后的祸患。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"周颂-小毖-stanza-1-2","original":"莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。","translation":"不要再有人怂恿我去碰蜂虫，自找辛辣刺痛。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"周颂-小毖-stanza-1-3","original":"肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。","translation":"起初把小鹪鹩看得轻微，飞起来却像大鸟。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"周颂-小毖-stanza-1-4","original":"未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。","translation":"我尚不能承担家国多难，如今又落在苦蓼丛中。","rawBlock":0}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"桃虫","category":"动物","description":"桃虫是古代鸟名，传统多释为鹪鹩一类小鸟；诗中由小鸟化为大鸟的想象写误判风险。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/taochong-wren-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"桃虫水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；桃虫；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；桃虫；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；桃虫；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；桃虫；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"蜂虿","category":"动物","description":"蜂、虿体形虽小却能螫人，诗借微小而有伤害力的虫类提醒人不可轻视隐患。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/fengchai-stinging-insects-v1.webp","imageAlt":"蜂虿水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；蜂虿；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；蜂虿；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；蜂虿；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；蜂虿；原句“予其惩，而毖后患。莫予荓蜂，自求辛螫。肇允彼桃虫，拚飞维鸟。未堪家多难，予又集于蓼。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"莫","pinyin":"mò","note":"可表示“没有谁、不要”；在“岁亦莫止”等处通“暮”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["莫"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"于","pinyin":"yú","note":"介词，可表示在、到、向、对于；也可能是语气词。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["于"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"维","pinyin":"wéi","note":"句首或句中语气词，有时相当于“是”；需结合语境理解。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["维"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"iozAnimals","short":"中科院动物所：动物科学资料","title":"中国科学院动物研究所与国家动物博物馆资料","kind":"动物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ioz.cas.cn/gb2018/jgkk/ysfm/index.html"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"宗周","province":"陕西西安","note":"周颂用于周王室祭祀，地图以宗周礼乐中心作锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"篇类范围推定","confidence":"中","statement":"依据篇类与礼乐语境归入西周范围，不等同于逐篇精确断代。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"周颂·闵予小子之什·小毖；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/289-xiao-bi.mp3","durationLabel":"2:24","introduction":"“予其惩”从既往祸患发出自戒，蜂虿与桃虫看似微小，却可能牵动巨大后果，最终落回未堪家多难的压力。\n稳健节拍带出短篇转折，数次递进由毖彼后患走向误判飞鸟，开阔声场让细小危险被不断放大。\n人物史事与虫鸟比喻对象不能唯一锁定，不把物种当作恶的象征，成为当代原创声音转译，非古乐复原。","form":"当代歌谣 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