{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/250-gong-liu/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"大雅-公刘","title":"公刘","group":"大雅","region":"大雅","collectionSection":"生民之什","theme":"迁徙","period":"西周","quote":"笃公刘，于胥斯原。","summary":"以迁居、相地和营建讲述周族早期发展。","interpretation":{"scene":"公刘率族人迁居豳地，登山观察百泉，丈量田野，安置人口，渡河运送玉器与武备，再举行宴饮。迁徙包含勘察、运输、防卫和分配。","emotionalArc":"六章由匪居匪康的出发推进到于胥斯原、止基乃理，最后百泉和芮鞫人口密集。叙事把移动中的不安逐渐转成定居秩序。","modernReading":"迁徙史不应只纪念领袖决断。现代重读应追问谁负重、谁失去旧居、土地如何分配，以及新聚落与原住者怎样协商。\n\n公刘迁豳的叙事充满观察与行动：登高看地势，寻找水源，丈量田野，渡河运输，安排居处，再以宴饮稳定关系。每一步都需要基层知识和集体劳动，也意味着有人离开旧宅、背负器物、重新建立生产。现代迁徙与安置应让当事人参与选址、住房和土地分配，保存亲族与文化网络，并与原有居民协商资源，而不是只公布领袖决定。诗中人口逐渐聚集是成功图景，却没有写疾病、冲突和生态压力；这些空白不应被“于豳斯馆”自动填成和谐。玉器与武备同行，说明新聚落既有礼仪，也有防卫和权力组织。现代读者可以肯定勘察、供给与组织能力，同时质问谁拥有土地、谁承担负重、谁能从新秩序获益。祖先史诗塑造共同身份，却不能作为排他性领土权利的唯一证据。","boundary":"公刘迁豳是周人祖先史诗，路线、地名和年代难精确对应。“彻田为粮”等制度化解释亦有争议，赞歌不证明迁徙无冲突。\n\n涉渭、百泉、芮鞫等地望和路线均有异说，“京师之野”也不是现代城市边界。宴饮和人口聚集是赞歌中的成功标记，无法证明原居民同意、土地平均或迁徙无伤亡；这些不确定性应随地图与正文同时显示。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1-1","original":"笃公刘，匪居匪康。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，从不安居享乐。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1-2","original":"乃埸乃疆，乃积乃仓；","translation":"他划分田界、疆界，积起粮堆、建起粮仓；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1-3","original":"乃裹餱粮，于橐于囊。","translation":"又包好干粮，装进大袋小囊。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1-4","original":"思辑用光，弓矢斯张；","translation":"为的是使族人和睦、事业光大。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-1-5","original":"干戈戚扬，爰方启行。","translation":"他们张开弓箭，带上盾牌、戈矛、斧钺，于是整队出发。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2-1","original":"笃公刘，于胥斯原。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，前去察看这片平原。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2-2","original":"既庶既繁，既顺乃宣，","translation":"人口已经众多繁盛，土地和顺宽广，人人不再长声叹息。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2-3","original":"而无永叹。陟则在巘，","translation":"他登上山巅。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2-4","original":"复降在原。何以舟之？","translation":"又回到平原。他身上佩着什么？","rawBlock":1},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-2-5","original":"维玉及瑶，鞞琫容刀。","translation":"美玉和瑶玉，还有饰玉刀鞘中的佩刀。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3-1","original":"笃公刘，逝彼百泉。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，前往百泉一带。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3-2","original":"瞻彼溥原，乃陟南冈。","translation":"眺望那片广阔平原，又登上南面的山冈，","rawBlock":2},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3-3","original":"乃觏于京，京师之野。","translation":"终于看中京地那片可以建都的原野。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3-4","original":"于时处处，于时庐旅，","translation":"于是在这里分别安顿，在这里搭起旅舍；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-3-5","original":"于时言言，于时语语。","translation":"在这里谈论商议，在这里欢声交谈。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4-1","original":"笃公刘，于京斯依。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，定居在京地。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4-2","original":"跄跄济济，俾筵俾几。","translation":"人们仪态整齐，铺设筵席、摆上凭几。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4-3","original":"既登乃依，乃造其曹。","translation":"众人登席就座，又聚到各自同族之中。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4-4","original":"执豕于牢，酌之用匏。","translation":"从猪圈捉来猪，用葫芦瓢斟酒。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-4-5","original":"食之饮之，君之宗之。","translation":"让大家吃饱喝足，拥戴公刘为君长和宗主。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5-1","original":"笃公刘，既溥既长。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，把土地开拓得宽广绵长。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5-2","original":"既景乃冈，相其阴阳，","translation":"他测量日影，登上山冈，察看向阴向阳之处，观察流动的泉水。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5-3","original":"观其流泉。其军三单，","translation":"把军队分成三班轮换守卫。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5-4","original":"度其隰原。彻田为粮，","translation":"他丈量低地和平原，按井田制度收取粮食，又察看山西斜阳之地。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-5-5","original":"度其夕阳。豳居允荒。","translation":"豳地的居处由此真正广大。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6-1","original":"笃公刘，于豳斯馆。","translation":"忠厚的公刘，在豳地建起馆舍。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6-2","original":"涉渭为乱，取厉取锻，","translation":"横渡渭水作渡口，取来磨石和锻石，确定地基并治理土地。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6-3","original":"止基乃理。爰众爰有，","translation":"人口日益众多，物产日益丰富。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6-4","original":"夹其皇涧。溯其过涧。","translation":"人们夹皇涧两岸居住，又沿过涧上游定居。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"大雅-公刘-stanza-6-5","original":"止旅乃密，芮鞫之即。","translation":"聚居越来越密集，一直延伸到河湾尽头。","rawBlock":5}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"弓","category":"器用","description":"弓利用弓臂弹力发射箭矢，用于田猎、作战和射礼。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/gong-bow-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"弓水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；弓；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；弓；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；弓；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"矢","category":"器用","description":"矢即箭，由箭镞、箭杆和箭羽等部分组成，需与弓配合使用。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shi-arrows-quiver-v1.webp","imageAlt":"矢水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；矢；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；矢；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；矢；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"戈","category":"器用","description":"戈是带横刃的长柄兵器，主要用于钩、啄。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ge-dagger-axe-v1.webp","imageAlt":"戈水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；戈；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；戈；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；戈；原句“思辑用光，弓矢斯张；干戈戚扬，爰方启行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"舟","category":"器用","description":"木舟用于渡河、交通与渔猎，也常承载漂流、远去和无法追回的情绪。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/zhou.webp","imageAlt":"舟水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"复降在原。何以舟之？维玉及瑶，鞞琫容刀。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；舟；原句“复降在原。何以舟之？维玉及瑶，鞞琫容刀。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；舟；原句“复降在原。何以舟之？维玉及瑶，鞞琫容刀。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；舟；原句“复降在原。何以舟之？维玉及瑶，鞞琫容刀。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"饮食制作","category":"活动","description":"谷物、肉食与羹汤经过舂治、炊煮或炙烤，既供日常食用，也用于待客和祭礼。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yinshi.webp","imageAlt":"饮食制作水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；饮食制作；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；饮食制作；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；饮食制作；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"营建","category":"活动","description":"筑城、建屋、修仓需要组织土木劳动，也是诗中表现徭役与聚落秩序的常见场景。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yingjian.webp","imageAlt":"营建水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"笃公刘，匪居匪康。乃埸乃疆，乃积乃仓；乃裹餱粮，于橐于囊。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；营建；原句“笃公刘，匪居匪康。乃埸乃疆，乃积乃仓；乃裹餱粮，于橐于囊。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；营建；原句“笃公刘，匪居匪康。乃埸乃疆，乃积乃仓；乃裹餱粮，于橐于囊。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；营建；原句“笃公刘，匪居匪康。乃埸乃疆，乃积乃仓；乃裹餱粮，于橐于囊。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"酒","category":"饮食","description":"酒由谷物发酵酿制，用于日常饮用、宴宾和祭献。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/jiuqi.webp","imageAlt":"酒水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；酒；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；酒；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；酒；原句“执豕于牢，酌之用匏。食之饮之，君之宗之。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"胥","pinyin":"xū","note":"察看、相看；“于胥斯原”即察看这片平原。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["胥"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“胥”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“胥”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“胥”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"济济","pinyin":"jǐ jǐ","note":"众多而整齐庄重的样子。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["济济"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“济济”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“济济”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“济济”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"斯","pinyin":"sī","note":"指示代词“这、此”，也可作承接或语气成分。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["斯"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"周原","province":"陕西岐山","note":"大雅中的周族史诗与周原、岐周传统密切相关。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"篇类范围推定","confidence":"中","statement":"依据篇类与礼乐语境归入西周范围，不等同于逐篇精确断代。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"大雅·生民之什·公刘；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/250-gong-liu.mp3","durationLabel":"3:39","introduction":"“匪居匪康”写公刘率众迁豳，登山察泉、丈量田野、渡河运输并设宴安民，迁徙中的不安凝成定居秩序。\n较密节拍引出六章行程，层层推进由出发、勘察走向“止基乃理”，舒展声场容纳道路、防卫与人群聚合。\n这是祖先史诗，路线、地名与制度不能精确复原。作品采用当代原创声音转译，不重建周代音乐。","form":"当代歌谣 ·《诗经》原文演唱","credit":"诗经地图 · 诗篇之声｜生成协作：MiniMax Music 2.6","boundary":"当代原创声音转译，以现代音乐形式演唱《诗经》原文；不代表周代旋律、唱法或古代声景复原。"},"markerRank":15,"prominence":285,"lnglat":[107.0786444639263,33.899020616316264],"source":"传世《毛诗》正文；项目据古今注本逐篇复核","slug":"250-gong-liu","order":250}}