{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/233-tiao-zhi-hua/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-苕之华","title":"苕之华","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鱼藻之什","theme":"讽谏","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"苕之华，芸其黄矣。","summary":"借景物、人物或反复追问表达不满与劝戒，言辞含蓄而锋芒清楚","interpretation":{"scene":"凌霄花开得明艳，叶子青青，地上的人却面对饥荒，连羊也显得头大身瘦。鲜艳植物与匮乏身体构成尖锐反差。","emotionalArc":"三章先两次赞花，随即说知我如此不如无生；末章转向牂羊坟首，以“人可以食，鲜可以饱”把绝望落到饥饿。","modernReading":"灾荒中的平均数字会遮蔽谁先挨饿。羊只头大身瘦，人们有东西可吃却很少能饱，说明食物“存在”不等于可获得、可负担和足够营养。现代救助应快速识别儿童、老人、孕产者和贫困家庭，保障水与食物稳定供应，也让受灾者保有尊严与发声权。还需保护种畜、种子和生计，避免紧急救济结束后再次陷入饥饿。","boundary":"苕的植物比定有凌霄、紫葳、苕菜等说，华芸其黄与青青其叶的颜色训释亦有分歧；传统多联系周室衰乱饥馑。牂羊坟首可能写消瘦反显头大，也有异解。诗的极端语气反映困境，不足以确定具体灾年、死亡数和地域。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-1-1","original":"苕之华，芸其黄矣。","translation":"凌霄花开放，花色渐渐枯黄。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-1-2","original":"心之忧矣，维其伤矣！","translation":"我的心充满忧愁，实在悲伤！","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-2-1","original":"苕之华，其叶青青。","translation":"凌霄花开放，叶片依旧青翠。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-2-2","original":"知我如此，不如无生！","translation":"早知我的命运如此，还不如从未出生！","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-3-1","original":"牂羊坟首，三星在罶。","translation":"母羊瘦得头大身小，鱼网里只映着三星。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-苕之华-stanza-3-2","original":"人可以食，鲜可以饱！","translation":"人虽然还有东西可吃，却很少有人能够吃饱！","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"日月星辰","category":"活动","description":"日月星辰既用于计时辨方，也进入婚礼、征役和政治讽喻，构成诗中的天空尺度。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/riyuexingchen.webp","imageAlt":"日月星辰水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；日月星辰；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；日月星辰；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；日月星辰；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"饮食制作","category":"活动","description":"谷物、肉食与羹汤经过舂治、炊煮或炙烤，既供日常食用，也用于待客和祭礼。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yinshi.webp","imageAlt":"饮食制作水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；饮食制作；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；饮食制作；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·苕之华；饮食制作；原句“牂羊坟首，三星在罶。人可以食，鲜可以饱！”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"芸其黄矣","pinyin":"yún 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