{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/224-wan-liu/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-菀柳","title":"菀柳","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鱼藻之什","theme":"礼乐","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"有菀者柳，不尚息焉。","summary":"以礼仪、德行与群体生活为中心，在反复吟唱中表达赞美、期望或规劝","interpretation":{"scene":"茂盛柳树高不可休，天上人物看似尊贵却令人不敢接近。说话者担忧一旦靠近便遭祸，宁愿保持距离，也不愿暴露真实言语。","emotionalArc":"三章由柳树无处休息写到上帝甚蹈，反复“无自昵焉”。仰望与恐惧并存，末尾“俾予靖之”显出被要求维持表面安静。","modernReading":"让下属不敢接近的权威，会失去真实信息。柳树看似可供休息，靠近者却担心被伤害，正像组织表面开放、实际惩罚说真话。现代领导应提供匿名反馈、独立调查和反报复机制，主动询问坏消息，而不是把沉默误认成稳定。要求受压者“替我安定局面”，却不改变危险来源，只会把治理责任推给最没有权力的人。","boundary":"“上帝”在篇中可指天帝、君王或带有双关，传统多释刺暴君；茂柳、高柳是实景、不可依靠的比兴还是对高位者的描写，各有说法。“靖”可训安、谋等，具体政治对象、说话者职位和受害事件无法确定。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-1-1","original":"有菀者柳，不尚息焉。","translation":"柳树长得如此茂盛，谁不想在树下休息？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-1-2","original":"上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。","translation":"可君王的心十分险恶，不要主动去亲近。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-1-3","original":"俾予靖之，后予极焉。","translation":"他先让我治理国家，后来却把我逼入绝境。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-2-1","original":"有菀者柳，不尚愒焉。","translation":"柳树长得如此茂盛，谁不想在树下歇息？","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-2-2","original":"上帝甚蹈，无自瘵焉。","translation":"可君王的心反复无常，不要自找祸害。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-2-3","original":"俾予靖之，后予迈焉。","translation":"他先让我安定国家，后来却把我放逐远方。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-3-1","original":"有鸟高飞，亦傅于天。","translation":"鸟儿飞得再高，也不过贴近天空。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-3-2","original":"彼人之心，于何其臻。","translation":"那个人的心，最终会走到哪里？","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-菀柳-stanza-3-3","original":"曷予靖之，居以凶矜。","translation":"为何让我为他安定国家，却让我长久处在凶险忧苦之中？","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"柳","category":"植物","description":"柳树枝叶柔垂、可供行人休息；《菀柳》却说树虽茂盛而不可近，反衬权力中心带来的危险。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/liu-willow-water-v1.webp","imageAlt":"柳水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"有菀者柳，不尚息焉。上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。俾予靖之，后予极焉。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；柳；原句“有菀者柳，不尚息焉。上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。俾予靖之，后予极焉。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；柳；原句“有菀者柳，不尚息焉。上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。俾予靖之，后予极焉。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；柳；原句“有菀者柳，不尚息焉。上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。俾予靖之，后予极焉。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；柳；原句“有菀者柳，不尚息焉。上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。俾予靖之，后予极焉。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"焉","pinyin":"yān","note":"可作语气词，也可兼有“于此、于彼”的意思。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["焉"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“焉”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“焉”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“焉”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"亦","pinyin":"yì","note":"也、又。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["亦"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“亦”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“亦”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“亦”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"以","pinyin":"yǐ","note":"可表示用、凭、因为、来；具体关系须结合上下句。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["以"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“以”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“以”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；词条“以”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"ibcasPlants","short":"中科院植物所：植物分类与科普","title":"中国科学院植物研究所植物园与植物科学资料","kind":"植物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ib.cas.cn/2019gb/kepu/changguan/"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"镐京","province":"陕西西安","note":"雅诗并非都创作于都城；此处用周王室礼乐中心作浏览锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"宽泛时段推定","confidence":"低","statement":"仅给出便于浏览的宽泛年代范围；学界对不少篇目的具体年代仍有分歧。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·菀柳；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/224-wan-liu.mp3","durationLabel":"2:03","introduction":"“有菀者柳”的繁茂高枝看似可依，仰望中的人却因尊贵者难近而恐惧，宁愿退远，也不敢说出真实心意。\n稳健节拍领起三章反复，层层推进由无处休息走到“无自昵焉”，舒展声场把安静与内里的戒惧并置。\n诗中“上帝”及“靖”都有多种解释，不锁定政治对象，本质是当代原创声音转译，非古乐重建。","form":"当代歌谣 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