{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/222-cai-shu/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-采菽","title":"采菽","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鱼藻之什","theme":"讽谏","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"采菽采菽，筐之莒之。","summary":"借景物、人物或反复追问表达不满与劝戒，言辞含蓄而锋芒清楚","interpretation":{"scene":"人们采豆入筐，诸侯来朝，主人准备车马、礼服和旗帜迎送。来宾车驾从道路进入礼仪中心，物质馈赠确认双方关系。","emotionalArc":"五章由采菽起兴，依次写赐予、车马、旗铃、宴饮与归途。礼物越来越丰厚，末章以乐只君子反复祝福，形成完整接待周期。","modernReading":"外交和公共接待不应止于昂贵礼物。诗中采豆入筐只是轻巧开端，随后路车、玄衮、赤芾、旗铃与马匹层层出现，来宾从远处进入权力中心，再带着赏赐离开。礼物既表达认可，也重新确认双方等级，因此每一次馈赠都可能兼有关系和政治成本。现代制度更需要公开接待标准、礼品登记、实质协商与利益边界，避免馈赠成为交换不当影响的工具。欢迎来宾应让议题相关的社区也能发言，而不是只在封闭宴席中决定资源。送行后的承诺要有可追踪结果，不能让礼仪热度代替政策落实。对接待工作人员、驾车者、养马者与准备物资者，也应计算劳动和休息。真正稳定的往来来自规则可预期、利益可说明、分歧仍能谈判，而不是谁得到更多贵重器物。","boundary":"传统多释天子迎诸侯、诸侯来朝受赐，也有燕见贤者等说，具体来朝对象、王世、行程与礼次不明。采菽是否实写采豆，君子来朝与起兴如何连接，各家有别；路车、玄衮、黼黻、赤芾和旗铃可见身份象征，但件数、颜色和制度层级不能仅凭诗复原，更不宜全部套入后出礼书。“平平左右，亦是率从”主语与随从关系有异解，末章祝福也可能是合唱程式。项目承认等级外交语境，同时不把赐予解释为现代意义的平等交换，也不推定双方已经就具体事务达成正式协议。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-1-1","original":"采菽采菽，筐之莒之。","translation":"采摘豆叶，采摘豆叶，用方筐圆篓盛起来。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-1-2","original":"君子来朝，何锡予之？","translation":"诸侯前来朝见，我要赏赐他什么？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-1-3","original":"虽无予之？路车乘马。","translation":"难道没有东西可赐？赏他礼车和四匹马。还要赏什么？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-1-4","original":"又何予之？玄衮及黼。","translation":"黑色龙纹礼服和绣有斧形花纹的礼裳。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-2-1","original":"觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。","translation":"泉水从石缝喷涌，我去采摘水芹。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-2-2","original":"君子来朝，言观其旂。","translation":"诸侯前来朝见，我远望他的旗帜。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-2-3","original":"其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。","translation":"旗帜飘扬，车铃清脆；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-2-4","original":"载骖载驷，君子所届。","translation":"或驾三马、或驾四马，君子就要来到。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-3-1","original":"赤芾在股，邪幅在下。","translation":"红色蔽膝垂在腿前，绑腿裹在小腿上。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-3-2","original":"彼交匪纾，天子所予。","translation":"他来朝见并不怠慢，这是天子所嘉许的。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-3-3","original":"乐只君子，天子命之。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，天子对他颁下命令；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-3-4","original":"乐只君子，福禄申之。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，福禄一再降临。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-4-1","original":"维柞之枝，其叶蓬蓬。","translation":"柞树枝条舒展，叶片蓬勃茂盛。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-4-2","original":"乐只君子，殿天子之邦。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，守卫天子的国家；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-4-3","original":"乐只君子，万福攸同。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，万般福气一同汇聚。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-4-4","original":"平平左右，亦是率从。","translation":"贤明的左右臣下，也都跟随他。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-5-1","original":"汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。","translation":"杨木船在水上漂荡，用粗绳和细索牢牢系住。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-5-2","original":"乐只君子，天子葵之。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，天子衡量并任用他；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-5-3","original":"乐只君子，福禄膍之。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，福禄使他丰厚。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-采菽-stanza-5-4","original":"优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。","translation":"如此从容安闲，他也终于到达朝廷。","rawBlock":4}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"马","category":"动物","description":"驾车时服马和骖马各有位置；马匹的毛色、体力与步态也传达军旅、出行和身份信息。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ma-horse-paddock-v1.webp","imageAlt":"马水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。君子来朝，言观其旂。其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。载骖载驷，君子所届。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；马；原句“觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。君子来朝，言观其旂。其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。载骖载驷，君子所届。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；马；原句“觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。君子来朝，言观其旂。其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。载骖载驷，君子所届。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；马；原句“觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。君子来朝，言观其旂。其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。载骖载驷，君子所届。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；马；原句“觱沸槛泉，言采其芹。君子来朝，言观其旂。其旂淠淠，鸾声嘒嘒。载骖载驷，君子所届。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"葵","category":"植物","description":"葵是古代常见蔬菜，可采叶烹煮，进入日常饮食。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/kui-mallow-garden-v1.webp","imageAlt":"葵水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。乐只君子，天子葵之。乐只君子，福禄膍之。优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；葵；原句“汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。乐只君子，天子葵之。乐只君子，福禄膍之。优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；葵；原句“汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。乐只君子，天子葵之。乐只君子，福禄膍之。优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；葵；原句“汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。乐只君子，天子葵之。乐只君子，福禄膍之。优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·鱼藻之什·采菽；葵；原句“汎汎杨舟，绋纚维之。乐只君子，天子葵之。乐只君子，福禄膍之。优哉游哉，亦是戾矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"菽","category":"植物","description":"“菽”泛指豆类，是先秦重要粮食和副食作物。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shu-bean-pods-v1.webp","imageAlt":"菽水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excer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