{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/211-fu-tian/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-甫田","title":"甫田","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"甫田之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"倬彼甫田，岁取十千。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"广阔田地上，农人播种黍稷，曾孙巡视并带来食物，收获后又选择牲畜祭祀田祖。田畯、农夫、妇子与主祭者共同出现在农业现场。","emotionalArc":"四章从播种成长推进到收获、祭方和祈年，苗稼由原隰茂盛变成仓中粮食。祝愿“万寿无疆”被放在农事链末端，显示福泽依赖具体生产。","modernReading":"大田叙事容易只留下巡视者和主祭者，诗本身却让田畯、农夫、妇子同时进入画面。播种之前要辨土地、备种与安排人手，苗长之后还要观察原隰差异，收获时再集中搬运、储藏和准备祭品；“曾孙来止”带来的食物，说明劳动者在田间也需要补给。现代阅读应把土地知识、照料作物和收割风险归还农人，让补贴、保险、合理收购与收益真正抵达生产者。管理者巡视的价值不在被簇拥，而在解决水利、工具、工时和灾害风险。祭田祖可以理解为共同体感谢土地与前人经验的方式，但不能用仪式掩盖佃作不平等或让农人先交出成果。所谓万寿无疆若建立在他人过劳上，便违背诗中共同协作的基础。今天的丰年还应包含土壤能够恢复、妇女和季节工获得同等报酬、儿童不被迫承担危险劳动。","boundary":"本篇与《大田》在章法、农事内容和编排关系上有讨论，曾孙可能指主祭者或周王后裔称谓，不是可确定姓名；田畯、农夫、妇子在实际组织中的身份层级也不清楚。祭方、田祖、禴祠等对象和礼次，各家常借礼书解释，未必对应一次完整仪式。所写可能是理想化农礼，不宜据此推定全国统一井田制度、土地所有权或精确亩产。苗稼茂盛与万寿祝愿属于祭歌语言，不能证明某年真实气候和收成；现代关于劳动权益的分析是基于诗中生产链的阐释。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-1-1","original":"倬彼甫田，岁取十千。","translation":"那片辽阔的大田，每年收获成千上万。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-1-2","original":"我取其陈，食我农人。","translation":"我拿出陈粮，供给耕田的农人；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-1-3","original":"自古有年。","translation":"自古以来都是丰年。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-2-1","original":"今适南亩，或耘或耔。","translation":"如今来到南边田地，有人除草，有人给苗培土。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-2-2","original":"黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，","translation":"黍稷长得高大茂密，农官来到田间，","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-2-3","original":"烝我髦士。","translation":"众多青年才俊也一同前来。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-3-1","original":"以我齐明，与我牺羊，","translation":"拿来洁净的酒，又牵来祭祀的羊，","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-3-2","original":"以社以方。我田既臧，","translation":"祭献土地神和四方之神。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-3-3","original":"农夫之庆。","translation":"我的田地收成美好，这是农夫们的喜庆。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-4-1","original":"琴瑟击鼓，以御田祖。","translation":"弹琴鼓瑟、敲起大鼓，迎接始耕的田祖。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-4-2","original":"以祈甘雨，以介我稷黍，","translation":"祈求降下及时甘雨，使我们的黍稷丰收，","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-4-3","original":"以穀我士女。","translation":"使男女百姓生活安好。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-5-1","original":"曾孙来止，以其妇子。","translation":"周王来到田间，妻子儿女也随行，","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-5-2","original":"馌彼南亩，田畯至喜。","translation":"为南亩劳作的人送饭。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-5-3","original":"攘其左右，","translation":"田官见了十分欢喜，挽起左右衣袖。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-6-1","original":"尝其旨否。禾易长亩，","translation":"他尝尝饭菜是否可口。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-6-2","original":"终善且有。曾孙不怒，","translation":"禾苗舒展，铺满长长的田垄，最终长势良好、收获丰足。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-6-3","original":"农夫克敏。","translation":"周王没有责怒，因为农夫们确实勤敏。","rawBlock":5}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-7","number":7,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-7-1","original":"曾孙之稼，如茨如梁。","translation":"周王的庄稼，堆积得像屋顶和桥梁；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-7-2","original":"曾孙之庾，如坻如京。","translation":"周王的露天粮囤，像小岛又像高丘。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-7-3","original":"乃求千斯仓，","translation":"于是要修建上千座粮仓。","rawBlock":6}]},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-8","number":8,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-8-1","original":"乃求万斯箱。黍稷稻粱，","translation":"还要备下上万辆车来运粮。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-8-2","original":"农夫之庆。报以介福，","translation":"黍子、稷谷、稻米、高粱样样丰收，这是农夫们的喜庆。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"小雅-甫田-stanza-8-3","original":"万寿无疆。","translation":"神灵回报盛大的福泽，愿周王万寿无疆。","rawBlock":7}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"黍","category":"植物","description":"黍是北方重要谷物，可煮食、酿酒，也进入祭祀供献。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shu-millet-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"黍水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；黍；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；黍；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；黍；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；黍；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"稷","category":"植物","description":"稷是先秦重要谷物名称，也因其农业地位进入国家与祭祀语言。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ji-foxtail-millet-v1.webp","imageAlt":"稷水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；稷；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；稷；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，攸介攸止，烝我髦士。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·甫田之什·甫田；稷；原句“今适南亩，或耘或耔。黍稷薿薿，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