{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/210-xin-nan-shan/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-信南山","title":"信南山","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"谷风之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"信彼南山，维禹甸之。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"终南山下疆界整齐，禹甸旧土上农人耕作南亩，播种黍稷。雨水适时，收成进入仓廪与祭器，子孙以新粮献祖并祈求长久福泽。","emotionalArc":"六章从地理秩序写到垦田、降雨、收获和祭享，步骤像一份农业年历。末章万寿无疆建立在前五章的土地、水分与人力之上。","modernReading":"粮食安全不是一句丰收祝愿，而是土壤、水利、种子、劳动保障和风险分担。诗先写疆界，再写播种、降雨、收获与祭献，提醒每一环都可能影响餐桌。现代阅读应让农人从祭礼背景走到中心，保障其收入与土地生态，并以科学方式应对旱涝，不能把自然波动归咎个人德行。新粮用于祭祀之前，也应先确保生产者和社区获得稳定食物。","boundary":"传统多视为丰年祭歌，禹甸、曾孙、畇畇与疆埸等词有不同训释；“曾孙”可指主祭者，并非可锁定的个人姓名。雨雪雰雰是理想化及时雨还是实景亦难确定。诗中整齐田界不能直接证明当时全国土地都按同一制度运行。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-1-1","original":"信彼南山，维禹甸之。","translation":"连绵不绝的南山，是大禹曾经治理的地方。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-1-2","original":"畇畇原隰，曾孙田之。","translation":"平坦整齐的原野低地，由周王的后代亲自耕作。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-1-3","original":"我疆我理，南东其亩。","translation":"划定疆界、疏理沟渠，田垄分别朝向南面和东面。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-2-1","original":"上天同云。雨雪雰雰，","translation":"天空布满云层，大雪纷纷落下，又加上绵绵细雨。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-2-2","original":"益之以霡霂。既优既渥，","translation":"水分充盈而深厚，土地已经湿润满足，","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-2-3","original":"既沾既足。生我百谷。","translation":"滋养我们的百谷生长。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-3-1","original":"疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。","translation":"田界整齐严明，黍子稷谷生长茂盛。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-3-2","original":"曾孙之穑，以为酒食。","translation":"这是周王后代收获的庄稼，用来酿酒做饭，","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-3-3","original":"畀我尸宾，寿考万年。","translation":"奉献给神尸和宾客，愿他长寿万年。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-4-1","original":"中田有庐，疆埸有瓜。","translation":"田中建有草庐，田界旁种着瓜。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-4-2","original":"是剥是菹，献之皇祖。","translation":"把瓜削皮、腌成菜，献给伟大的先祖。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-4-3","original":"曾孙寿考，受天之祜。","translation":"愿周王后代健康长寿，承受上天赐予的福泽。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-5-1","original":"祭以清酒，从以骍牡，","translation":"用清酒祭祀，再献上一头红色公牛，奉献给祖先。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-5-2","original":"享于祖考。执其鸾刀，","translation":"拿起装有铃铛的祭刀，割开牛皮，","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-5-3","original":"以启其毛，取其血膋。","translation":"取出鲜血和脂肪献祭。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-6-1","original":"是烝是享，苾苾芬芬。","translation":"举行冬祭，敬献祭品，香气浓郁芬芳。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-6-2","original":"祀事孔明，先祖是皇。","translation":"祭礼举行得清楚完备，先祖神灵欣然降临，","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-信南山-stanza-6-3","original":"报以介福。万寿无疆。","translation":"回报盛大的福泽，愿他万寿无疆。","rawBlock":5}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"黍","category":"植物","description":"黍是北方重要谷物，可煮食、酿酒，也进入祭祀供献。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shu-millet-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"黍水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；黍；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；黍；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；黍；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；黍；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"稷","category":"植物","description":"稷是先秦重要谷物名称，也因其农业地位进入国家与祭祀语言。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ji-foxtail-millet-v1.webp","imageAlt":"稷水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；稷；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；稷；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；稷；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；稷；原句“疆埸翼翼，黍稷彧彧。曾孙之穑，以为酒食。畀我尸宾，寿考万年。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"雷雨","category":"活动","description":"雷声、风雨和降雪是周人辨识季节、行旅风险与情绪变化的重要自然信号。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/leiyu.webp","imageAlt":"雷雨水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"上天同云。雨雪雰雰，益之以霡霂。既优既渥，既沾既足。生我百谷。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；雷雨；原句“上天同云。雨雪雰雰，益之以霡霂。既优既渥，既沾既足。生我百谷。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；雷雨；原句“上天同云。雨雪雰雰，益之以霡霂。既优既渥，既沾既足。生我百谷。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·信南山；雷雨；原句“上天同云。雨雪雰雰，益之以霡霂。既优既渥，既沾既足。生我百谷。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"祭祀","category":"活动","description":"祭祀通过献牲、酒食、乐舞和祝告沟通祖先，确认宗族记忆与政治秩序。","ima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