{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/205-bei-shan/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-北山","title":"北山","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"谷风之什","theme":"宴飨","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"陟彼北山，言采其杞。","summary":"写宾主相会、饮宴奏乐与彼此劝勉，重心在礼意而不只在热闹","interpretation":{"scene":"官员从北山采杞，驾车奔走王事，回望父母渐老却不能奉养。他进一步看到同为官员者有的安闲饮乐，有的独自承担繁重差使。","emotionalArc":"六章前半由行役写家庭亏欠，后半连续列举“或”句，把不公平切成一组组鲜明对照。个人劳累因此不再是命苦，而是分配机制失衡。","modernReading":"工作中的不公平常藏在岗位名称相同、负担却悬殊。连续“或”句像一份横向比较：有人卧息，有人奔走；有人饮酒，有人无暇休整。现代管理应公开任务量、差旅、补偿与轮换，关注每个人的照护责任，不能只把最能忍耐者当作可靠资源。员工表达过载时，管理者应重新分配工作，而不是以“大家都一样”取消真实差异。","boundary":"传统多释大夫刺役使不均，具体官职、同僚关系与王世无定。北山采杞可能是行役实景，也可能起兴；“普天之下，莫非王土”是先秦责任观念中的政治语言，不等于现代领土主权陈述，更不能用来正当化无限征调。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-1-1","original":"陟彼北山，言采其杞。","translation":"登上那座北山，去采山中的枸杞。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-1-2","original":"偕偕士子，朝夕从事。","translation":"健壮的士子们，从早到晚忙于公事。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-1-3","original":"王事靡盬，忧我父母。","translation":"王事没有止息，我因此忧念家中父母。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-2-1","original":"溥天之下，莫非王土；","translation":"普天之下，没有哪里不是君王的土地；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-2-2","original":"率土之滨，莫非王臣。","translation":"四海之内，没有谁不是君王的臣民。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-2-3","original":"大夫不均，我从事独贤。","translation":"可大夫分派劳役如此不公，仿佛唯独我最能做事。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-3-1","original":"四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。","translation":"四匹公马强健奔驰，王事繁忙无穷。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-3-2","original":"嘉我未老，鲜我方将。","translation":"他们夸我还未衰老，赞我正当壮年；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-3-3","original":"旅力方刚，经营四方。","translation":"便趁我精力强健，让我奔走经营天下四方。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-4-1","original":"或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；","translation":"有人安闲地在家休息，有人却为国事竭尽心力；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-4-2","original":"或息偃在床，或不已于行。","translation":"有人仰卧在床，有人却奔波在路上永不停步。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-5-1","original":"或不知叫号，或惨惨劬劳；","translation":"有人听不见百姓呼号，有人却辛苦得满面愁容；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-5-2","original":"或栖迟偃仰，或王事鞅掌。","translation":"有人从容闲散、随意躺卧，有人却忙于王事无暇休息。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-6-1","original":"或湛乐饮酒，或惨惨畏咎；","translation":"有人沉迷宴饮享乐，有人却忧心获罪；","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-北山-stanza-6-2","original":"或出入风议，或靡事不为。","translation":"有人出入朝堂高谈阔论，有人却事事都要亲手操劳。","rawBlock":5}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"燕子","category":"动物","description":"燕子结伴飞翔、鸣声上下，是送别和家庭情感中常见的起兴意象；“玄鸟”传统也多解释为燕。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yanzi.webp","imageAlt":"燕子水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；或息偃在床，或不已于行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；燕子；原句“或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；或息偃在床，或不已于行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；燕子；原句“或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；或息偃在床，或不已于行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；燕子；原句“或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；或息偃在床，或不已于行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；燕子；原句“或燕燕居息，或尽瘁事国；或息偃在床，或不已于行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"马","category":"动物","description":"驾车时服马和骖马各有位置；马匹的毛色、体力与步态也传达军旅、出行和身份信息。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ma-horse-paddock-v1.webp","imageAlt":"马水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。嘉我未老，鲜我方将。旅力方刚，经营四方。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；马；原句“四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。嘉我未老，鲜我方将。旅力方刚，经营四方。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；马；原句“四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。嘉我未老，鲜我方将。旅力方刚，经营四方。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；马；原句“四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。嘉我未老，鲜我方将。旅力方刚，经营四方。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；马；原句“四牡彭彭，王事傍傍。嘉我未老，鲜我方将。旅力方刚，经营四方。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"靡盬","pinyin":"mǐ gǔ","note":"没有休止。“盬”有止息、坚固等多种古义，此处从无休止解。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["靡盬"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“靡盬”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“靡盬”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“靡盬”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"莫","pinyin":"mò","note":"可表示“没有谁、不要”；在“岁亦莫止”等处通“暮”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["莫"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"于","pinyin":"yú","note":"介词，可表示在、到、向、对于；也可能是语气词。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["于"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；词条“于”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"iozAnimals","short":"中科院动物所：动物科学资料","title":"中国科学院动物研究所与国家动物博物馆资料","kind":"动物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ioz.cas.cn/gb2018/jgkk/ysfm/index.html"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"镐京","province":"陕西西安","note":"雅诗并非都创作于都城；此处用周王室礼乐中心作浏览锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"宽泛时段推定","confidence":"低","statement":"仅给出便于浏览的宽泛年代范围；学界对不少篇目的具体年代仍有分歧。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·北山；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/205-bei-shan.mp3","durationLabel":"2:48","introduction":"官员登北山采杞、奔走王事，同僚却有闲有劳；“陟彼北山”把劳累推向分配失衡。\n稳健节拍照见对比，数次转折以后半连续“或”句切开不公，左右舒展的声场让家庭亏欠不再只是命苦。\n官职王世与采杞场景未定，“莫非王土”也不是主权陈述。听见的是当代原创声音转译，不是一场周代音乐的复原实验。","form":"当代歌谣 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