{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/203-da-dong/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-大东","title":"大东","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"谷风之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"有饛簋飧，有捄棘匕。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"东方道路上人们服役纳贡，西方中心却享用精美物资。织女、牵牛、启明、长庚等星辰高悬，名字仿佛有职能，实际不能替地上受苦者织布、驾车。","emotionalArc":"七章从有饛簋飧与空筐对比，扩展到舟车、鞋履和天上群星。讽刺逐层加深：连星名都像虚假官职，光亮世界不回应现实匮乏。","modernReading":"资源流动若长期从边缘输向中心，统一秩序便会成为不平等。诗从一顿粗饭、空筐和破旧鞋履写起，让宏观贡赋先落在身体上：生产者交出物资，自己却难以获得合宜食物和衣用。随后它抬头望天，织女有织之名却不能织，牵牛有牛之名却不能驾车，灿烂称号与实际功能断裂，像地上占据职位却不承担责任的人。现代公共财政与供应链应公开税费、采购价格、劳动条件和地区收益，避免生产地承担污染、劳役与低回报，中心城市独享高附加值。基础设施也不应只服务物资外运，还应改善当地教育、医疗和交通。面对区域差距，需要让受影响社区参与预算与收益分配，而不是用整体繁荣掩盖局部耗损。诗的讽刺最终不是反对交换，而是要求名分、资源与责任重新相称。","boundary":"传统多释西周东国困于役赋，也有具体王世、作者地域和“大东”范围之争。东西方是诗中的政治经济空间，并非现代行政区或固定文化优劣；“西人之子”也不能概括所有西方居民。跂彼织女、睆彼牵牛等星名和古代职能属于反讽，不是天文学因果，启明、长庚可能同指金星在不同时间的名称。周道如砥、舟人之子等句的章间关系多有解释，空筐和簋飧也可能含礼仪语汇。项目以役赋与资源失衡为主线，不据诗估算税率、人口或物资总量。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-1-1","original":"有饛簋飧，有捄棘匕。","translation":"食器里盛满熟饭，旁边放着弯柄的枣木勺。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-1-2","original":"周道如砥，其直如矢。","translation":"通往京城的大道平得像磨刀石，直得像箭杆；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-1-3","original":"君子所履，小人所视。","translation":"贵族在上面行走，百姓只能在旁观看。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-1-4","original":"眷言顾之，潸焉出涕。","translation":"我回头望着这条路，不禁泪水长流。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-2-1","original":"小东大东，杼柚其空。","translation":"东方小国和大国，织机上的布都被搜刮一空。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-2-2","original":"纠纠葛屦，可以履霜。","translation":"纠结的葛草鞋，竟要穿着踏过寒霜。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-2-3","original":"佻佻公子，行彼周行。","translation":"轻佻的贵族公子，在通往京城的大道来来往往；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-2-4","original":"既往既来，使我心疚。","translation":"他们一去一回，使我心中痛苦。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-3-1","original":"有冽氿泉，无浸获薪。","translation":"侧出的泉水清冷刺骨，不要让它浸泡砍下的柴。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-3-2","original":"契契寤叹，哀我惮人。","translation":"我忧愁不安，醒来叹息，可怜我们这些疲惫的人。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-3-3","original":"薪是获薪，尚可载也。","translation":"砍下的柴尚可装车运走，","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-3-4","original":"哀我惮人，亦可息也。","translation":"可怜我们这些疲惫的人，也该得到片刻休息。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-4-1","original":"东人之子，职劳不来。","translation":"东方人的子弟，只管服役劳作却无人慰问；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-4-2","original":"西人之子，粲粲衣服。","translation":"西方人的子弟，穿着鲜亮华美的衣服。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-4-3","original":"舟人之子，熊罴是裘。","translation":"船夫的儿子，也能用熊罴皮做裘衣；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-4-4","original":"私人之子，百僚是试。","translation":"家臣的儿子，也能在百官职位上任意试用。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-5-1","original":"或以其酒，不以其浆。","translation":"有人把他们的酒当水浆，却不肯拿给我们解渴；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-5-2","original":"鞙鞙佩璲，不以其长。","translation":"有人佩着长长的美玉，却并非因为德行出众。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-5-3","original":"维天有汉，监亦有光。","translation":"天空横着一条银河，看上去也有光亮；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-5-4","original":"跂彼织女，终日七襄。","translation":"织女三星抬起脚，一天移动七次。","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-6-1","original":"虽则七襄，不成报章。","translation":"织女星即使一天移动七次，也织不成有花纹的布匹。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-6-2","original":"睆彼牵牛，不以服箱。","translation":"明亮的牵牛星，也不能拉车载箱。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-6-3","original":"东有启明，西有长庚。","translation":"东方有启明星，西方有长庚星；","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-6-4","original":"有捄天毕，载施之行。","translation":"弯柄的毕宿像捕兔网，只是横在天上。","rawBlock":5}]},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-7","number":7,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-7-1","original":"维南有箕，不可以簸扬。","translation":"南边有箕宿，却不能簸扬谷物；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-7-2","original":"维北有斗，不可以挹酒浆。","translation":"北边有斗宿，却不能舀取酒浆。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-7-3","original":"维南有箕，载翕其舌。","translation":"南箕张着舌头，像在吞噬东方；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-大东-stanza-7-4","original":"维北有斗，西柄之揭。","translation":"北斗高举斗柄，偏偏指向西方。","rawBlock":6}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"熊罴","category":"动物","description":"熊与罴是力量强大的山林猛兽，也进入占梦、田猎和武士祝愿。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/xiongpi.webp","imageAlt":"熊罴水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"东人之子，职劳不来。西人之子，粲粲衣服。舟人之子，熊罴是裘。私人之子，百僚是试。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·大东；熊罴；原句“东人之子，职劳不来。西人之子，粲粲衣服。舟人之子，熊罴是裘。私人之子，百僚是试。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·大东；熊罴；原句“东人之子，职劳不来。西人之子，粲粲衣服。舟人之子，熊罴是裘。私人之子，百僚是试。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·大东；熊罴；原句“东人之子，职劳不来。西人之子，粲粲衣服。舟人之子，熊罴是裘。私人之子，百僚是试。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·谷风之什·大东；熊罴；原句“东人之子，职劳不来。西人之子，粲粲衣服。舟人之子，熊罴是裘。私人之子，百僚是试。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"葛","category":"植物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