{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/198-qiao-yan/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-巧言","title":"巧言","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"节南山之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"悠悠昊天，曰父母且。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"天灾与战乱之后，花言者仍在制造谗言，武士、君子和百姓被卷入猜疑。说话者辨认那些面厚、善变、只凭口舌扰乱公共秩序、逃避公开事实核查的人。","emotionalArc":"六章从悠悠昊天写到盗言孔甘，先铺开公共灾难，再逐步逼近造谣者的面孔。末章身体缺陷的旧式辱骂显示愤怒已失控，也留下需要批判阅读的偏见。","modernReading":"反击虚假信息应靠证据和程序，而非用外貌、残疾或身份羞辱对手。诗准确捕捉了谗言的机制：话语甜美、拼接零碎信息、利用恐惧传播，并在追责时否认自己是源头。现代平台环境里，同样需要保存原始材料、核验时间线、标注推测与事实、给被指控者回应机会，并让散布者对更正负责。领导者若偏爱“顺耳”的消息，组织就会奖励操弄者；真正的防线是透明决策和独立调查。现代读者可以认同诗对谗言的警惕，也应看到末章对身体特征的攻击本身制造了另一种不公。一个人的相貌、残疾或性别不决定诚信，批评必须回到可验证行为。","boundary":"传统多系周幽王听谗，具体人物、事件和作诗者身份不明；“乱之初生，僭始既涵”等句的主语、僭言如何扩散，各家训释不一。“奕奕寝庙”一章与全篇结构、武夫与君子的关系也有讨论。末章以身体特征判断造谣者，属于古代相术和污名偏见，不能作为事实证据或现代伦理。本项目保留受谗者的愤怒，却不沿用“无拳无勇、既微且尰”等辱骂来识别人品；也不凭诗句判定某次具体诽谤已经成立。诗中关于妇人、身体与勇力的贬抑均作为历史偏见展示，不转化为项目判断；谗言受害者身份和实际损失仍然不明。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-1-1","original":"悠悠昊天，曰父母且。","translation":"遥远无边的上天，人们称你为父母。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-1-2","original":"无罪无辜，乱如此幠。","translation":"我无罪无辜，却遭逢如此巨大的祸乱。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-1-3","original":"昊天已威，予慎无罪。","translation":"上天威严可怕，我确实没有罪过；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-1-4","original":"昊天大幠，予慎无辜。","translation":"上天广大无边，我确实无辜。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-2-1","original":"乱之初生，僭始既涵。","translation":"祸乱刚萌生时，是因为虚假的话被容忍；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-2-2","original":"乱之又生，君子信谗。","translation":"祸乱再次兴起，是因为君子听信谗言。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-2-3","original":"君子如怒，乱庶遄沮。","translation":"君子若对进谗者发怒，祸乱或许很快停止；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-2-4","original":"君子如祉，乱庶遄已。","translation":"君子若惩处他们，祸乱或许很快平息。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-3-1","original":"君子屡盟，乱是用长。","translation":"君子屡次与人盟誓，祸乱因此不断滋长；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-3-2","original":"君子信盗，乱是用暴。","translation":"君子信任奸邪之人，祸乱因此越发猛烈。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-3-3","original":"盗言孔甘，乱是用餤。","translation":"奸人的话十分甜美，使祸乱一再加深。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-3-4","original":"匪其止共，维王之邛。","translation":"他们并非只是不尽职，实在是君王的巨大祸患。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-4-1","original":"奕奕寝庙，君子作之。","translation":"高大的寝宫宗庙，是君子建成的；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-4-2","original":"秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。","translation":"井然有序的宏大谋略，是圣人制定的。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-4-3","original":"他人有心，予忖度之。","translation":"别人心里想什么，我能揣摩明白；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-4-4","original":"跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。","translation":"那只跳跃的狡兔，一遇猎犬便会被擒。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-5-1","original":"荏染柔木，君子树之。","translation":"柔韧茂盛的树木，是君子亲手栽种的。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-5-2","original":"往来行言，心焉数之。","translation":"来来往往传播的流言，我心中一一数得清。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-5-3","original":"蛇蛇硕言，出自口矣。","translation":"夸夸其谈的谎话，从他们口中说出；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-5-4","original":"巧言如簧，颜之厚矣。","translation":"花言巧语像笙簧一样动听，脸皮实在太厚！","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-6-1","original":"彼何人斯？居河之麋。","translation":"那究竟是什么人？住在黄河岸边。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-6-2","original":"无拳无勇，职为乱阶。","translation":"他既无力气也无勇气，只会成为祸乱的阶梯。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-6-3","original":"既微且尰，尔勇伊何？","translation":"腿肿脚烂都走不动，你的勇气在哪里？","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-巧言-stanza-6-4","original":"为犹将多，尔居徒几何？","translation":"坏主意倒有很多，你手下又能有几个人？","rawBlock":5}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"猎犬","category":"动物","description":"“卢”是古代黑色猎犬名。犬铃声与猎人形象相连，反映田猎中的协作。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/liequan.webp","imageAlt":"猎犬水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；猎犬；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；猎犬；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；猎犬；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；猎犬；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"宫室","category":"器用","description":"宫、堂、门、庭构成不同层级的生活与礼仪空间；宗庙则专用于祭告祖先。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/gongshi-wooden-hall-v1.webp","imageAlt":"宫室水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；宫室；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·巧言；宫室；原句“奕奕寝庙，君子作之。秩秩大猷，圣人莫之。他人有心，予忖度之。跃跃毚兔，遇犬获之。”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