{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/197-xiao-bian/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-小弁","title":"小弁","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"节南山之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"弁彼鸴斯，归飞提提。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"鸴鸟归飞、桑梓可敬，唯独说话者被父母或权力中心遗弃。他反复询问自己何罪，望见道路、柳树与泉水都触发无法归属、无处停留的痛苦。","emotionalArc":"八章由“我独于罹”推进到不属于毛里、不能飞天潜渊，绝望不断寻找出口。末尾从自伤转为责问谗人，悲哀终于带出愤怒。","modernReading":"孩子或依赖者被抛弃时，常先追问自己做错了什么。《小弁》连续说“何辜于天”“何辜于人”，把这种自责唱得极其直接；他望见桑梓、道路、泉流，任何本应连接家园的事物都反过来提醒自己无处归属。现代阅读应明确，照护者的拒绝不是孩子天然有罪，权力者听信谗言也不能把证明清白的全部责任推给被逐者。家庭、学校和社会需要提供安全住所、可信成年人、法律与心理支持，并允许受伤者表达愤怒。末章对谗人的诅咒显示痛苦已到极点，我们可以理解这种情绪，同时帮助当事人把报复冲动转为求助、记录和恢复。重新建立生活不要求他立刻原谅，也不必用孝顺或忠诚压住创伤。","boundary":"传统常联系周幽王逐太子宜臼，也有一般弃子、被谗臣子或政治寓言之说。父母、君子称谓可能兼有家庭与政治比喻，鸴鸟、桑梓、柳树、泉水等兴象也没有唯一人物对应。“君子秉心，维其忍之”是谁在说、责谁忍心，各家句读有别。诗中被遗弃者的情感真实，不等于后世太子传说的时间、地点和谗者身份已经证实；项目不以政治史覆盖儿童或依赖者的经验，也不推定发声者年龄、性别和最终去向。对谗人的指控同样需要放在单方叙述边界内理解，不能据诗定罪，也不能据后世结局反证每一处猜测。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-1-1","original":"弁彼鸴斯，归飞提提。","translation":"寒鸦成群飞舞，归巢时舒缓安闲。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-1-2","original":"民莫不穀，我独于罹。","translation":"人们无不生活安好，唯独我遭受忧患。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-1-3","original":"何辜于天？我罪伊何？","translation":"我究竟得罪了上天什么？我的罪过到底在哪里？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-1-4","original":"心之忧矣，云如之何？","translation":"心中如此忧愁，我又能怎么办？","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-2-1","original":"踧踧周道，鞫为茂草。","translation":"从前宽阔平坦的大道，如今尽头长满茂草。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-2-2","original":"我心忧伤，惄焉如捣。","translation":"我的心充满忧伤，痛苦得像被捣击。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-2-3","original":"假寐永叹，维忧用老。","translation":"闭目小睡仍长声叹息，忧愁使我衰老；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-2-4","original":"心之忧矣，疢如疾首。","translation":"心中这样痛苦，头也疼得像生了重病。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-3-1","original":"维桑与梓，必恭敬止。","translation":"见到父母种下的桑树梓树，必定恭敬对待。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-3-2","original":"靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。","translation":"举目所见，谁不是父亲？有所依靠，谁能不靠母亲？","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-3-3","original":"不属于毛？不罹于里？","translation":"难道我不是父亲的骨肉，不曾在母亲腹中相连？","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-3-4","original":"天之生我，我辰安在？","translation":"上天既生下我，我的好命在哪里？","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-4-1","original":"菀彼柳斯，鸣蜩嘒嘒，","translation":"茂盛的柳树上，蝉鸣声声；","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-4-2","original":"有漼者渊，萑苇淠淠。","translation":"深潭水光荡漾，芦苇茂密。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-4-3","original":"譬彼舟流，不知所届，","translation":"我像随水漂流的船，不知去向。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-4-4","original":"心之忧矣，不遑假寐。","translation":"心中忧愁，连片刻合眼也顾不上。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-5-1","original":"鹿斯之奔，维足伎伎。","translation":"鹿群奔跑时，脚步相随不离；","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-5-2","original":"雉之朝雊，尚求其雌。","translation":"雄雉清晨鸣叫，还知道寻找配偶。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-5-3","original":"譬彼坏木，疾用无枝。","translation":"我却像一棵病坏的树，因为病重已不生枝叶。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-5-4","original":"心之忧矣，宁莫之知？","translation":"心中如此忧愁，难道没有人知道？","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-6-1","original":"相彼投兔，尚或先之。","translation":"看见落入罗网的兔子，尚且有人上前解救；","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-6-2","original":"行有死人，尚或墐之。","translation":"路上遇到无人掩埋的死者，尚且有人为他覆土。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-6-3","original":"君子秉心，维其忍之。","translation":"君子的心怎么竟这样残忍？","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-6-4","original":"心之忧矣，涕既陨之。","translation":"心中如此忧愁，眼泪已经落下。","rawBlock":5}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-7","number":7,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-7-1","original":"君子信谗，如或酬之。","translation":"君子相信谗言，仿佛对方敬酒便立刻接受；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-7-2","original":"君子不惠，不舒究之。","translation":"君子不肯施恩，也不从容查清真相。","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-7-3","original":"伐木掎矣，析薪扡矣。","translation":"砍树时先牵住树干，劈柴时顺着纹理；","rawBlock":6},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-7-4","original":"舍彼有罪，予之佗矣。","translation":"你却放过真正有罪的人，反把罪过加在我身上。","rawBlock":6}]},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-8","number":8,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-8-1","original":"莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。","translation":"没有比山更高的，没有比泉更深的。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-8-2","original":"君子无易由言，耳属于垣。","translation":"君子不要轻易说话，墙外也有耳朵在听。","rawBlock":7},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-8-3","original":"无逝我梁，无发我笱。","translation":"不要到我的鱼梁上，不要拆开我的鱼篓；","rawBlock":7},{"id":"小雅-小弁-stanza-8-4","original":"我躬不阅，遑恤我后。","translation":"我自己尚且不被容纳，哪里还顾得上身后之事。","rawBlock":7}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"桑","category":"植物","description":"桑叶用于养蚕，采叶、修枝与树木管理构成重要的季节劳动。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/sangcan.webp","imageAlt":"桑水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"维桑与梓，必恭敬止。靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。不属于毛？不罹于里？天之生我，我辰安在？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；桑；原句“维桑与梓，必恭敬止。靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。不属于毛？不罹于里？天之生我，我辰安在？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；桑；原句“维桑与梓，必恭敬止。靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。不属于毛？不罹于里？天之生我，我辰安在？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；桑；原句“维桑与梓，必恭敬止。靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。不属于毛？不罹于里？天之生我，我辰安在？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；桑；原句“维桑与梓，必恭敬止。靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母。不属于毛？不罹于里？天之生我，我辰安在？”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"薪柴","category":"器用","description":"砍伐、劈分并捆束的薪柴是日常燃料，也进入婚礼、劳作和家族分工的比兴系统。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shuxin.webp","imageAlt":"薪柴水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"君子信谗，如或酬之。君子不惠，不舒究之。伐木掎矣，析薪扡矣。舍彼有罪，予之佗矣。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；薪柴；原句“君子信谗，如或酬之。君子不惠，不舒究之。伐木掎矣，析薪扡矣。舍彼有罪，予之佗矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；薪柴；原句“君子信谗，如或酬之。君子不惠，不舒究之。伐木掎矣，析薪扡矣。舍彼有罪，予之佗矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；薪柴；原句“君子信谗，如或酬之。君子不惠，不舒究之。伐木掎矣，析薪扡矣。舍彼有罪，予之佗矣。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"鱼网","category":"器用","description":"笱、罭等网具依网眼和设置方式捕取不同鱼类，反映河泽生产的具体技术。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yuwang.webp","imageAlt":"鱼网水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；鱼网；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；鱼网；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；鱼网；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"舟","category":"器用","description":"木舟用于渡河、交通与渔猎，也常承载漂流、远去和无法追回的情绪。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/zhou.webp","imageAlt":"舟水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"菀彼柳斯，鸣蜩嘒嘒，有漼者渊，萑苇淠淠。譬彼舟流，不知所届，心之忧矣，不遑假寐。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；舟；原句“菀彼柳斯，鸣蜩嘒嘒，有漼者渊，萑苇淠淠。譬彼舟流，不知所届，心之忧矣，不遑假寐。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；舟；原句“菀彼柳斯，鸣蜩嘒嘒，有漼者渊，萑苇淠淠。譬彼舟流，不知所届，心之忧矣，不遑假寐。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；舟；原句“菀彼柳斯，鸣蜩嘒嘒，有漼者渊，萑苇淠淠。譬彼舟流，不知所届，心之忧矣，不遑假寐。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"营建","category":"活动","description":"筑城、建屋、修仓需要组织土木劳动，也是诗中表现徭役与聚落秩序的常见场景。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yingjian.webp","imageAlt":"营建水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；营建；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；营建；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；营建；原句“莫高匪山，莫浚匪泉。君子无易由言，耳属于垣。无逝我梁，无发我笱。我躬不阅，遑恤我后。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"惄","pinyin":"nì","note":"忧思、饥馁般难受的样子。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["惄"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“惄”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“惄”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“惄”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"嘒","pinyin":"huì","note":"声音细小而清亮。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["嘒"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“嘒”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“嘒”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“嘒”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"斯","pinyin":"sī","note":"指示代词“这、此”，也可作承接或语气成分。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["斯"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；词条“斯”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"ibcasPlants","short":"中科院植物所：植物分类与科普","title":"中国科学院植物研究所植物园与植物科学资料","kind":"植物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ib.cas.cn/2019gb/kepu/changguan/"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"镐京","province":"陕西西安","note":"雅诗并非都创作于都城；此处用周王室礼乐中心作浏览锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"宽泛时段推定","confidence":"低","statement":"仅给出便于浏览的宽泛年代范围；学界对不少篇目的具体年代仍有分歧。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小弁；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/197-xiao-bian.mp3","durationLabel":"2:36","introduction":"鸴鸟归飞、桑梓可敬，说话者却被父母或权力中心遗弃；“弁彼鸴斯”反复追问自己何罪。\n舒缓节拍带出绝望，数次转折由无处停留走到责问谗人，左右舒展的声场让悲哀终于生出愤怒。\n宜臼故事与一般弃子、臣子诸说并存，家庭政治比喻也可能交叠。当代原创声音转译让文本进入今人的听觉，非为复制古乐。","form":"当代歌谣 ·《诗经》原文演唱","credit":"诗经地图 · 诗篇之声｜生成协作：MiniMax Music 2.6","boundary":"当代原创声音转译，以现代音乐形式演唱《诗经》原文；不代表周代旋律、唱法或古代声景复原。"},"markerRank":36,"prominence":264,"lnglat":[108.30905963439149,32.44001832424409],"source":"传世《毛诗》正文；项目据古今注本逐篇复核","slug":"197-xiao-bian","order":197}}