{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/196-xiao-wan/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-小宛","title":"小宛","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"节南山之什","theme":"征役","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"宛彼鸣鸠，翰飞戾天。","summary":"写出征、戍守或归途中人的处境，把战争与劳役落到具体的等待、离别和身体感受上","interpretation":{"scene":"小小鸣鸠飞向天际，先人已经远去，兄弟与后辈在不安时代谨慎生活。酒、桑葚、蜂与虫、桑扈等日常观察都被用来提醒不要跌入祸患。","emotionalArc":"六章由追念父母转向告诫兄弟，语气从哀伤变得急迫。“战战兢兢”以前层层排列危险意象，像长辈反复确认孩子能否安全走过乱世。","modernReading":"谨慎可以保护人，也可能变成持续焦虑。父母离世后，歌者把乱世经验压缩成一连串告诫，既是照料，也可能把恐惧传给下一代。现代家庭与组织不应只教年轻人避祸、守住家名，还要减少任意惩罚、提供可求助的制度，让安全不靠个人时刻战栗。面对真实风险，可以学习识别、结伴和求援；面对无法控制之事，也要允许休息和试错。","boundary":"传统多释大夫遭乱而戒兄弟子孙，具体家族、祸患与说话场合不明。鸣鸠、桑葚、螟蛉、蜾蠃等意象的物种观察和比兴关系多有异说，古人关于蜾蠃养螟蛉的认识也非现代昆虫学事实。“无忝尔所生”是维护父母名誉的时代伦理语言，项目不把它作为对子女的绝对要求。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-1-1","original":"宛彼鸣鸠，翰飞戾天。","translation":"那只小斑鸠鸣叫着，展翅直飞云天。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-1-2","original":"我心忧伤，念昔先人。","translation":"我的心充满忧伤，思念已经去世的父母。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-1-3","original":"明发不寐，有怀二人。","translation":"天亮仍无法入睡，深深怀念二老。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-2-1","original":"人之齐圣，饮酒温克。","translation":"聪明通达的人饮酒，温和而能自我节制。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-2-2","original":"彼昏不知，一醉日富。","translation":"昏聩无知的人，却一天比一天更沉醉。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-2-3","original":"各敬尔仪，天命不又。","translation":"各自谨慎保持仪态吧，天命不会再次赐予。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-3-1","original":"中原有菽，庶民采之。","translation":"原野上长着豆苗，百姓都去采摘。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-3-2","original":"螟蛉有子，蜾蠃负之。","translation":"螟蛉生下幼虫，蜾蠃把它背去抚养。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-3-3","original":"教诲尔子，式穀似之。","translation":"好好教导你们的孩子，使他们善良并继承祖业。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-4-1","original":"题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。","translation":"看那鹡鸰鸟，边飞边鸣。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-4-2","original":"我日斯迈，而月斯征。","translation":"我一天天前行，你一月月远行。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-4-3","original":"夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。","translation":"早起晚睡勤奋做事，不要辱没生养你的父母。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-5-1","original":"交交桑扈，率场啄粟。","translation":"桑扈鸟来回飞翔，沿着谷场啄食粟米。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-5-2","original":"哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。","translation":"可怜我们穷困孤苦，竟无故遭受诉讼牢狱。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-5-3","original":"握粟出卜，自何能穀？","translation":"手握一把粟米去占卜，究竟怎样才能过上好日子？","rawBlock":4}]},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-6","number":6,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-6-1","original":"温温恭人，如集于木。","translation":"温和恭敬的人，处境像栖息在高树上；","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-6-2","original":"惴惴小心，如临于谷。","translation":"惴惴不安，像站在深谷边。","rawBlock":5},{"id":"小雅-小宛-stanza-6-3","original":"战战兢兢，如履薄冰。","translation":"日日戒惧谨慎，如同踏在薄冰之上。","rawBlock":5}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"鹡鸰","category":"动物","description":"水边小鸟，受惊时急促振翅。诗中以它比喻兄弟在危急时彼此救助。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/jiling.webp","imageAlt":"鹡鸰水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。我日斯迈，而月斯征。夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；鹡鸰；原句“题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。我日斯迈，而月斯征。夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；鹡鸰；原句“题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。我日斯迈，而月斯征。夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；鹡鸰；原句“题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。我日斯迈，而月斯征。夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；鹡鸰；原句“题彼脊令，载飞载鸣。我日斯迈，而月斯征。夙兴夜寐，毋忝尔所生。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"桑扈","category":"动物","description":"古代鸟名，常活动于桑林。它的羽色与鸣声进入宴饮和劝诫诗的自然背景。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/sanghu.webp","imageAlt":"桑扈水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑扈；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑扈；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑扈；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑扈；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"桑","category":"植物","description":"桑叶用于养蚕，采叶、修枝与树木管理构成重要的季节劳动。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/sangcan.webp","imageAlt":"桑水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·节南山之什·小宛；桑；原句“交交桑扈，率场啄粟。哀我填寡，宜岸宜狱。握粟出卜，自何能穀？”"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