{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/184-he-ming/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣","title":"鹤鸣","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鸿雁之什","theme":"讽喻","period":"西周","quote":"他山之石，可以攻玉。","summary":"山泽、鹤鸣与石玉意象构成含蓄的讽喻空间。","interpretation":{"scene":"鹤在深泽鸣叫，声音传到旷野；鱼时潜深渊、时游沙洲，园中有檀树也有枯枝，山石还可为玉器打磨。视线在远近、上下和贵贱材料间跳转。","emotionalArc":"两章几乎镜像复沓，却让鹤声、鱼踪与树石不断换位。诗不讲完整故事，而以互相牵动的景物制造联想：隐处会发声，近旁之物也能改变自身。","modernReading":"“他山之石”不只是一句借鉴口号。鹤声从泽中传远、鱼在深浅间移动、檀树旁又有枯枝，诗不断打破高贵与卑微、隐藏与显露的固定位置。知识可能来自边缘、异质甚至粗砺之物；真正的学习不是占有他者，而是让不同经验修正自身。借来的石头能帮助琢玉，也需要尊重它原有的环境和知识贡献者。","boundary":"传统有诲宣王求贤、陈善纳谏等说，也可视作隐逸、招隐或纯粹比兴诗。鹤、鱼、檀、萚与山石之间没有唯一固定对应，两章也未提供可还原的事件。“可以攻玉”中的“攻”指治、琢磨而非攻击，项目不把整诗压缩为单一成语说明。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-1-1","original":"鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。","translation":"白鹤在幽深的沼泽鸣叫，声音传遍四野。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-1-2","original":"鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。","translation":"鱼儿有时潜入深渊，有时游到浅滩。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-1-3","original":"乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。","translation":"那座园林真可喜，里面长着高大的檀树，树下却是枯枝落叶。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-1-4","original":"他山之石，可以为错。","translation":"别的山上的石头，也可以拿来磨砺器物。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-2-1","original":"鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于天。","translation":"白鹤在幽深的沼泽鸣叫，声音直达云天。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-2-2","original":"鱼在于渚，或潜在渊。","translation":"鱼儿有时游到浅滩，有时潜入深渊。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-2-3","original":"乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维谷。","translation":"那座园林真可喜，里面长着高大的檀树，树下却是低矮的楮树。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹤鸣-stanza-2-4","original":"他山之石，可以攻玉。","translation":"别的山上的石头，也可以拿来琢磨美玉。","rawBlock":1}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"鱼","category":"动物","description":"河泽中的鱼既是食物，也常借游动、潜伏或成群来引出人物处境。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yu.webp","imageAlt":"鱼水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鱼；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鱼；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鱼；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鱼；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"鹤","category":"动物","description":"鹤声高远，可越过深泽传到旷野，构成隐逸、贤者与声名远播的联想。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/he.webp","imageAlt":"鹤水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鹤；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鹤；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鹤；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；鹤；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"落叶","category":"植物","description":"“萚”指草木脱落的皮叶。风吹落叶既标示季节，也为现场唱和提供可见节拍。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/fallen-leaves-courtyard-v1.webp","imageAlt":"落叶水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；落叶；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；落叶；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；落叶；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鹤鸣；落叶；原句“鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。他山之石，可以为错。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"鹤鸣","pinyin":"hè 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