{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/183-mian-shui/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-沔水","title":"沔水","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鸿雁之什","theme":"讽谏","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"沔彼流水，朝宗于海。","summary":"借景物、人物或反复追问表达不满与劝戒，言辞含蓄而锋芒清楚","interpretation":{"scene":"沔水满溢，隼鸟时飞时止。说话者面对流言与王政不稳，既忧念同僚，也担心朋友被谗言卷走；水无边际，像无法控制的消息和局势。","emotionalArc":"三章由流水朝宗写到隼止中丘、中林，表面不断寻找落点，内里却越来越不安。“我心忧伤”推进为“莫肯念乱”，个人焦虑最终指向无人愿意收拾的公共混乱。","modernReading":"谣言环境中，人容易因自保而沉默。现代阅读可把诗看作关系修复的请求：不要只转发未经核实的信息，也不要让提出风险的人独自承受“多言”的惩罚。水漫无边像消息失去边界，隼反复寻找落点则像人在不稳定关系中寻找可信处。面对公共混乱，需要保留证据、核对来源并保护吹哨者，同时避免把未经证实的指控再次扩散。","boundary":"传统多联系诸侯或朋友受谗，具体王世、关系与事件无定论。“朝宗于海”可比政治归向，亦是河流实景；“飞隼率彼中陵”等句的主语、兴义各有解释。隼的起落不宜机械对应某一人物，诗也未说明流言内容和最终后果。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-1-1","original":"沔彼流水，朝宗于海。","translation":"流水满满地向前，最终汇入大海。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-1-2","original":"鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。","translation":"隼鸟迅疾飞翔，时而飞起时而停下。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-1-3","original":"嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。","translation":"可叹我的同族兄弟和国中朋友，","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-1-4","original":"莫肯念乱，谁无父母？","translation":"没有人肯忧虑这场祸乱——谁又没有父母亲人？","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-2-1","original":"沔彼流水，其流汤汤。","translation":"流水满满地向前，水势浩荡不息。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-2-2","original":"鴥彼飞隼，载飞载扬。","translation":"隼鸟迅疾飞翔，时而盘旋时而高扬。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-2-3","original":"念彼不迹，载起载行。","translation":"想到那些不守法度的人，我坐起又徘徊；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-2-4","original":"心之忧矣，不可弭忘。","translation":"心中忧愁不已，怎么也无法消除忘怀。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-3-1","original":"鴥彼飞隼，率彼中陵。","translation":"隼鸟迅疾飞翔，沿着山陵而行。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-3-2","original":"民之讹言，宁莫之惩？","translation":"民间那些欺骗人的谣言，难道没有人制止惩戒？","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-沔水-stanza-3-3","original":"我友敬矣，谗言其兴。","translation":"朋友们应当谨慎啊，谗言正要兴起。","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"隼","category":"动物","description":"飞行迅疾的猛禽；高飞、下止与捕猎动作常用来呈现军旅速度和力量。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/sun.webp","imageAlt":"隼水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"沔彼流水，朝宗于海。鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。莫肯念乱，谁无父母？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；隼；原句“沔彼流水，朝宗于海。鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。莫肯念乱，谁无父母？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；隼；原句“沔彼流水，朝宗于海。鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。莫肯念乱，谁无父母？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；隼；原句“沔彼流水，朝宗于海。鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。莫肯念乱，谁无父母？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；隼；原句“沔彼流水，朝宗于海。鴥彼飞隼，载飞载止。嗟我兄弟，邦人诸友。莫肯念乱，谁无父母？”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"隼","pinyin":"sǔn","modern":"猎隼","note":"迅疾的猛禽，诗中常写其高飞或落止。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["隼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“隼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“隼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“隼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"汤汤","pinyin":"shāng shāng","note":"水势浩大、奔流的样子；这里不读“tāng”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["汤汤"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“汤汤”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“汤汤”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“汤汤”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"莫","pinyin":"mò","note":"可表示“没有谁、不要”；在“岁亦莫止”等处通“暮”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["莫"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；词条“莫”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"iozAnimals","short":"中科院动物所：动物科学资料","title":"中国科学院动物研究所与国家动物博物馆资料","kind":"动物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ioz.cas.cn/gb2018/jgkk/ysfm/index.html"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"镐京","province":"陕西西安","note":"雅诗并非都创作于都城；此处用周王室礼乐中心作浏览锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"宽泛时段推定","confidence":"低","statement":"仅给出便于浏览的宽泛年代范围；学界对不少篇目的具体年代仍有分歧。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"低","statement":"雅、颂多不能落实到单一创作地点；坐标仅取相关礼乐或政治中心，供地图浏览。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·沔水；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/183-mian-shui.mp3","durationLabel":"1:31","introduction":"沔水满溢，隼鸟时飞时止，“沔彼流水”让无边水势、流言和失稳王政汇成同一种难以控制的动荡。\n稳健节拍顺着不安，数次转折由寻找落点走到无人肯念乱，左右舒展的声场让个人忧伤指向公共混乱。\n诸侯受谗与朋友忧念皆可解释，河流也可能只是实景。作品用当代原创声音转译延续感受，不追求周代乐音复刻。","form":"当代歌谣 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