{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/181-hong-yan/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-鸿雁","title":"鸿雁","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鸿雁之什","theme":"征役","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。","summary":"写出征、戍守或归途中人的处境，把战争与劳役落到具体的等待、离别和身体感受上","interpretation":{"scene":"鸿雁成行飞来，落在水泽和高地；地上的人却在道路与荒野间奔走，为离散者安置住处、修筑居所。鸟有队列，人也被公事编入队列，迁徙与营建相互映照。","emotionalArc":"三章由“于飞”写到“肃肃其羽”，反复呈现长途劳顿。劳者自称劬劳，旁观者却可能说他们骄傲；末章把身体疲惫转成声誉争夺，委屈因此更深。","modernReading":"今天的安置、救灾和流动人口服务也依赖大量不被看见的基层劳动。评价一项工程不能只看房屋落成，还要听见执行者和迁居者如何承受路途、期限与误解。“之子于征”说明安置者自己也在移动，他们可能一边帮助别人有居所，一边无法照料自己的家。制度应为工作人员提供休息、申诉和心理支持，也让被安置者参与决定新生活，而非只被统计为完成数量。","boundary":"传统多以为周王使臣安集流民，也有征役、劳来等解释。“爰及矜人”是遍及可怜者、到达鳏寡者还是说劳者自身，存在异说；说话者、迁徙原因和工程地点均不明。鸿雁既可能是实景，也承担群体迁徙的兴义，不能据飞行方向复原路线。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-1-1","original":"鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。","translation":"鸿雁飞在空中，双翅扑扑作响。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-1-2","original":"之子于征，劬劳于野。","translation":"那些使者奔走四方，在野外辛苦劳作；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-1-3","original":"爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。","translation":"他们顾及困苦的人，怜悯这些孤苦无依的鳏夫寡妇。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-2-1","original":"鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。","translation":"鸿雁飞在空中，落在湖泽中央。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-2-2","original":"之子于垣，百堵皆作。","translation":"那些人修筑墙垣，一面面墙全都筑起；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-2-3","original":"虽则劬劳，其究安宅？","translation":"虽然历尽辛劳，他们最终能有安定的住所吗？","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-3-1","original":"鸿雁于飞，哀鸣嗷嗷。","translation":"鸿雁飞在空中，声声哀鸣不止。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-3-2","original":"维此哲人，谓我劬劳。","translation":"只有明智的人，说我确实劳苦；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-鸿雁-stanza-3-3","original":"维彼愚人，谓我宣骄。","translation":"那些愚昧的人，却说我是在夸张怨诉。","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"雁","category":"动物","description":"雁的队列与鸣声常联系远行、劳役、讯息以及行列整齐的观察。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yan.webp","imageAlt":"雁水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。之子于征，劬劳于野。爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；雁；原句“鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。之子于征，劬劳于野。爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；雁；原句“鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。之子于征，劬劳于野。爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；雁；原句“鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。之子于征，劬劳于野。爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；雁；原句“鸿雁于飞，肃肃其羽。之子于征，劬劳于野。爰及矜人，哀此鳏寡。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"营建","category":"活动","description":"筑城、建屋、修仓需要组织土木劳动，也是诗中表现徭役与聚落秩序的常见场景。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yingjian.webp","imageAlt":"营建水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。之子于垣，百堵皆作。虽则劬劳，其究安宅？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；营建；原句“鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。之子于垣，百堵皆作。虽则劬劳，其究安宅？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；营建；原句“鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。之子于垣，百堵皆作。虽则劬劳，其究安宅？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；营建；原句“鸿雁于飞，集于中泽。之子于垣，百堵皆作。虽则劬劳，其究安宅？”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"小雅·鸿雁之什·鸿雁；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"之子","pinyin":"zhī 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