{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/172-nan-shan-you-tai/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-南山有台","title":"南山有台","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"南有嘉鱼之什","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"南山有台，北山有莱。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"南山北山的台、莱、桑、杨、杞、李、栲、杻等植物层层铺开，祝颂者面对一位处在公共中心的人，称他为邦家根基，并祝愿长寿、光明与子孙绵延。山野草木使抽象祝福获得可见的生长尺度。","emotionalArc":"五章章法高度整齐：每章先列南北山植物，再称“乐只君子”，最后把祝愿从邦家之基推到民之父母、德音不已和子孙保之。复沓形成集体合唱感，也把个人寿考逐步连接到共同体能否安定。","modernReading":"现代读者不必把“万寿无期”理解成对权位者的个人崇拜。若一个人被称为国家根基，他所承受的也应是公共责任：让普通人的生活能够延续，让制度在个人之后仍可运转；否则长寿祝辞只剩权力自我庆贺。","boundary":"“君子”在具体演奏场合中所指不明，植物名的现代物种比定也多有分歧。“民之父母”是古代政治赞语，本项目将其解释为责任期待，不把家长式统治直接等同于现代公共治理。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-1-1","original":"南山有台，北山有莱。","translation":"南山生着莎草，北山长着藜草。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-1-2","original":"乐只君子，邦家之基。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，是国家稳固的根基；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-1-3","original":"乐只君子，万寿无期。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，愿他万寿无尽期。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-2-1","original":"南山有桑，北山有杨。","translation":"南山生着桑树，北山长着杨树。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-2-2","original":"乐只君子，邦家之光。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，是国家荣耀的光芒；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-2-3","original":"乐只君子，万寿无疆。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，愿他万寿无边疆。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-3-1","original":"南山有杞，北山有李。","translation":"南山生着枸杞，北山长着李树。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-3-2","original":"乐只君子，民之父母。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，是百姓敬爱的父母；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-3-3","original":"乐只君子，德音不已。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，美好的声誉永不止息。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-4-1","original":"南山有栲，北山有杻。","translation":"南山生着栲树，北山长着杻树。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-4-2","original":"乐只君子，遐不眉寿。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，怎会不长寿到眉毛洁白？","rawBlock":3},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-4-3","original":"乐只君子，德音是茂。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，美好的声誉日益盛大。","rawBlock":3}]},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-5","number":5,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-5-1","original":"南山有枸，北山有楰。","translation":"南山生着枳椇，北山长着苦楸。","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-5-2","original":"乐只君子，遐不黄耇。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，怎会不长寿到白发苍苍？","rawBlock":4},{"id":"小雅-南山有台-stanza-5-3","original":"乐只君子，保艾尔后。","translation":"快乐啊这位君子，愿你护佑后世子孙。","rawBlock":4}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"台","category":"植物","description":"“台”是古代草名，传统多释为莎草一类；具体物种尚无定论。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/tai-low-herb-v1.webp","imageAlt":"台水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；台；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；台；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；台；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；台；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"莱","category":"植物","description":"“莱”泛指可食野菜或草本植物，亦可指荒芜地；本诗与“台”相对成句。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/lai-wild-greens-v1.webp","imageAlt":"莱水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；莱；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；莱；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；莱；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；莱；原句“南山有台，北山有莱。乐只君子，邦家之基。乐只君子，万寿无期。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"杨","category":"植物","description":"杨属落叶乔木，生长较快；古诗中的“杨”与现代具体物种不能总是一一对应。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yang-poplar-riverbank-v1.webp","imageAlt":"杨水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"南山有桑，北山有杨。乐只君子，邦家之光。乐只君子，万寿无疆。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；杨；原句“南山有桑，北山有杨。乐只君子，邦家之光。乐只君子，万寿无疆。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；杨；原句“南山有桑，北山有杨。乐只君子，邦家之光。乐只君子，万寿无疆。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；杨；原句“南山有桑，北山有杨。乐只君子，邦家之光。乐只君子，万寿无疆。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·南有嘉鱼之什·南山有台；杨；原句“南山有桑，北山有杨。乐只君子，邦家之光。乐只君子，万寿无疆。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"杞","category":"植物","description":"“杞”可指枸杞，也可能指杞柳等木本，须依语境判断；本组诗以其繁茂起兴。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/qi-wolfberry-shrub-v1.webp","imageAlt":"杞水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"南山有杞，北山有李。乐只君子，民之父母。乐只君子，德音不已。","s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