{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/161-lu-ming/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣","title":"鹿鸣","group":"小雅","region":"小雅","collectionSection":"鹿鸣之什","theme":"宴飨","period":"西周","quote":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。","summary":"周代宴飨礼乐的代表，强调嘉宾、音乐与德行。","interpretation":{"scene":"鹿群在野外相呼取食，宴席上则有嘉宾、瑟笙、酒食和赠筐。主人不仅请客，也希望宾客指出通达可行的道路，使宴饮成为交换意见的公共空间。","emotionalArc":"三章从奏乐迎宾推进到赞宾客德音，最终回到琴瑟与旨酒带来的和乐。重复“我有嘉宾”不是空泛恭维，而是不断确认客人被看见、被听见。","modernReading":"现代会议和宴请也可能只剩排场。《鹿鸣》提醒我们，真正的款待既提供舒适，也让来客能够诚实表达；主人若只想听赞美，礼仪便失去内容。鹿群发现食物便相互鸣叫，宴主人也把酒食、音乐和发言机会分给来宾，这种“分享”比豪华程度更接近诗的核心。好的聚会应让较少发言的人也能被听见，并把席间建议带回实际决定。","boundary":"“示我周行”可释大道、至理、治理准则或周代道路，鹿群与宾主关系属于兴义，不能据此认定某种固定政治制度。“承筐是将”所赠何物、宾客身份和具体宴礼等级仍有争议；项目不把所有宴饮词都解释为君臣训诫。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-1-1","original":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。","translation":"鹿群呦呦鸣叫，在原野吃着青蒿。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-1-2","original":"我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。","translation":"我有尊贵宾客，便弹瑟吹笙。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-1-3","original":"吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。","translation":"笙管和鸣，献上满筐礼物。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-1-4","original":"人之好我，示我周行。","translation":"宾客真心待我，为我指明宽广正道。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-2-1","original":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之蒿。","translation":"鹿群呦呦鸣叫，在原野吃着蒿草。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-2-2","original":"我有嘉宾，德音孔昭。","translation":"我有尊贵宾客，美好德声十分显明。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-2-3","original":"视民不恌，君子是则是效。","translation":"他们给百姓作不轻薄的榜样，君子都来学习。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-2-4","original":"我有旨酒，嘉宾式燕以敖。","translation":"我有甘甜美酒，让宾客安闲欢饮。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-3-1","original":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。","translation":"鹿群呦呦鸣叫，在原野吃着芩草。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-3-2","original":"我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。","translation":"我有尊贵宾客，便弹琴鼓瑟。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-3-3","original":"鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。","translation":"琴瑟齐奏，和谐欢乐而情意深厚。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"小雅-鹿鸣-stanza-3-4","original":"我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。","translation":"我有甘甜美酒，用来安慰并愉悦宾客的心。","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"鹿","category":"动物","description":"鹿群和鸣、共同取食，常被写成宾主和乐、群体相亲的象征。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/lu.webp","imageAlt":"鹿水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；鹿；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；鹿；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；鹿；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；鹿；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"苹藻芹","category":"植物","description":"艾蒿类、水藻与水芹生于原野水边，常由人采集，用于宴饮、祭礼或起兴。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/pingzaoqin.webp","imageAlt":"苹藻芹水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；苹藻芹；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；苹藻芹；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；苹藻芹；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；苹藻芹；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"琴","category":"礼乐","description":"琴是卧式弦乐器，先秦形制和弦数尚未完全定型，常用于独奏或合乐。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/qin-scene-v3.webp","imageAlt":"琴水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","cheng","guoboMusic"],"excerpt":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；琴；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；琴；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"guoboMusic","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；琴；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"瑟","category":"礼乐","description":"瑟是多弦卧式弦乐器，弦下设柱调音，可与琴、笙等合奏。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/se-scene-v3.webp","imageAlt":"瑟水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","cheng","guoboMusic"],"excerpt":"呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；瑟；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；瑟；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"guoboMusic","locator":"小雅·鹿鸣之什·鹿鸣；瑟；原句“呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"笙","category":"礼乐","description":"笙以多根簧管合奏发声，适合持续和音，常见于宴饮迎宾。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shengguan.webp","imageAl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