{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/151-hou-ren/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"曹风-候人","title":"候人","group":"国风","region":"曹风","collectionSection":"曹风","theme":"征役","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"彼候人兮，何戈与祋。","summary":"写出征、戍守或归途中人的处境，把战争与劳役落到具体的等待、离别和身体感受上","interpretation":{"scene":"小吏候人扛着戈祋工作，朝中却有三百名佩赤芾者。鹈鹕站在鱼梁不湿翅嘴，不称职者同样占据服位；季女却仍饥饿。","emotionalArc":"诗从职位数量推进到鸟占鱼梁的反常景象，再以南山云气和饥饿女子收束。权贵冗余与普通人缺食被放在同一幅图中。","modernReading":"今天读来，它质问资源为何流向不称职者。候人持兵器守候，是职责和劳作都可看见的小吏；赤芾者数量庞大，却像鹈鹕占在鱼梁上不肯入水，享有位置而没有相称行动。公共职位应对应工作与责任，制度评价不能只看服饰、数量和关系网络。末尾饥饿不是抽象修辞，它迫使读者检验资源配置最终是否保障了人的基本生活。","boundary":"候人官职品级、戈祋形制、“三百赤芾”是否实数及季女身份均有争议；鹈鹕不濡翼咮也可能有不同兴义。诗没有给出官员名单、财政规模或饥饿原因，不能据此复原完整制度，项目保留官位失配与饥饿对照。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-1-1","original":"彼候人兮，何戈与祋。","translation":"那个小小候人，只配扛着戈和殳；","rawBlock":0},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-1-2","original":"彼其之子，三百赤芾。","translation":"那些无德的人，却有三百个穿红色蔽膝的显贵。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-2-1","original":"维鹈在梁，不濡其翼。","translation":"鹈鹕站在鱼梁上，连翅膀也没有沾湿；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-2-2","original":"彼其之子，不称其服。","translation":"那些无德的人，根本不配身上的官服。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-3-1","original":"维鹈在梁，不濡其咮。","translation":"鹈鹕站在鱼梁上，连嘴也没有沾湿；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-3-2","original":"彼其之子，不遂其媾。","translation":"那些无德的人，所得地位不能长久。","rawBlock":2}]},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-4","number":4,"segments":[{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-4-1","original":"荟兮蔚兮，南山朝隮。","translation":"草木浓密繁盛，南山早晨升起云气。","rawBlock":3},{"id":"曹风-候人-stanza-4-2","original":"婉兮娈兮，季女斯饥。","translation":"那位柔美的小女儿，却仍在忍受饥饿。","rawBlock":3}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"戈","category":"器用","description":"戈是带横刃的长柄兵器，主要用于钩、啄。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ge-dagger-axe-v1.webp","imageAlt":"戈水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"彼候人兮，何戈与祋。彼其之子，三百赤芾。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；戈；原句“彼候人兮，何戈与祋。彼其之子，三百赤芾。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；戈；原句“彼候人兮，何戈与祋。彼其之子，三百赤芾。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；戈；原句“彼候人兮，何戈与祋。彼其之子，三百赤芾。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"虹霓","category":"活动","description":"“蝃蝀”指虹。古人观察虹出现的方位与天气变化，也赋予它礼俗和情感含义。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/hongni.webp","imageAlt":"虹霓水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"荟兮蔚兮，南山朝隮。婉兮娈兮，季女斯饥。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；虹霓；原句“荟兮蔚兮，南山朝隮。婉兮娈兮，季女斯饥。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；虹霓；原句“荟兮蔚兮，南山朝隮。婉兮娈兮，季女斯饥。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·曹风·候人；虹霓；原句“荟兮蔚兮，南山朝隮。婉兮娈兮，季女斯饥。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"赤芾","pinyin":"chì 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