{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/131-huang-niao/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"秦风-黄鸟","title":"黄鸟","group":"国风","region":"秦风","collectionSection":"秦风","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"交交黄鸟，止于棘。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"黄鸟停在棘、桑和荆楚，三位子车氏良士却被迫随秦穆公入墓。人们走近墓穴，看见他们恐惧战栗，向苍天质问为何毁掉良人。","emotionalArc":"三组复沓逐一报出姓名与才能，再回到临穴惊惧和“人百其身”的痛惜。重复像公开点名，不让殉葬者被宏大葬礼吞没。","modernReading":"现代阅读必须明确拒绝以忠诚、习俗或权威要求他人陪死。诗的重要力量在于为受害者作证，也说明制度化暴力并非当时无人反对。每章点出一人姓名、才能和临穴恐惧，把被礼制抹成“从死者”的人重新还原为可惜的生命。“人百其身”是极度痛惜，不是把百人性命真的当作交换筹码。","boundary":"传统联系秦穆公死后人殉，史事较有根据，但三人是否自愿、具体仪程仍不能由诗断定；项目不用“从死”淡化强迫。黄鸟停栖与三种树木属于哀歌起兴，不对应墓园布局；死亡人数和现场参与者仍以可证史料为限。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-1","original":"交交黄鸟，止于棘。","translation":"黄鸟交交鸣叫，停在酸枣树上。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-2","original":"谁从穆公？子车奄息。","translation":"谁为秦穆公殉葬？是子车氏的奄息。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-3","original":"维此奄息，百夫之特。","translation":"奄息这个人，是百人中最杰出的勇士。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-4","original":"临其穴，惴惴其栗。","translation":"走近墓穴，他恐惧得浑身发抖。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-5","original":"彼苍者天，歼我良人！","translation":"苍天啊，为什么杀害我们的良人！","rawBlock":0},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-1-6","original":"如可赎兮，人百其身！","translation":"如果能够赎回他，我们愿用一百个人替换他的生命。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-1","original":"交交黄鸟，止于桑。","translation":"黄鸟交交鸣叫，停在桑树上。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-2","original":"谁从穆公？子车仲行。","translation":"谁为秦穆公殉葬？是子车氏的仲行。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-3","original":"维此仲行，百夫之防。","translation":"仲行这个人，足以抵御百名勇士。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-4","original":"临其穴，惴惴其栗。","translation":"走近墓穴，他恐惧得浑身发抖。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-5","original":"彼苍者天，歼我良人！","translation":"苍天啊，为什么杀害我们的良人！","rawBlock":1},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-2-6","original":"如可赎兮，人百其身！","translation":"如果能够赎回他，我们愿用一百个人替换他的生命。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-1","original":"交交黄鸟，止于楚。","translation":"黄鸟交交鸣叫，停在荆条上。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-2","original":"谁从穆公？子车针虎。","translation":"谁为秦穆公殉葬？是子车氏的针虎。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-3","original":"维此针虎，百夫之御。","translation":"针虎这个人，足以抵挡百名勇士。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-4","original":"临其穴，惴惴其栗。","translation":"走近墓穴，他恐惧得浑身发抖。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-5","original":"彼苍者天，歼我良人！","translation":"苍天啊，为什么杀害我们的良人！","rawBlock":2},{"id":"秦风-黄鸟-stanza-3-6","original":"如可赎兮，人百其身！","translation":"如果能够赎回他，我们愿用一百个人替换他的生命。","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"黄鸟","category":"动物","description":"传统多释为黄鹂一类鸣禽。清亮的鸟声既标示季节，也常反衬人物的哀乐。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/huangniao.webp","imageAlt":"黄鸟水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；黄鸟；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；黄鸟；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；黄鸟；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；黄鸟；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"桑","category":"植物","description":"桑叶用于养蚕，采叶、修枝与树木管理构成重要的季节劳动。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/sangcan.webp","imageAlt":"桑水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"交交黄鸟，止于桑。谁从穆公？子车仲行。维此仲行，百夫之防。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；桑；原句“交交黄鸟，止于桑。谁从穆公？子车仲行。维此仲行，百夫之防。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；桑；原句“交交黄鸟，止于桑。谁从穆公？子车仲行。维此仲行，百夫之防。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；桑；原句“交交黄鸟，止于桑。谁从穆公？子车仲行。维此仲行，百夫之防。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；桑；原句“交交黄鸟，止于桑。谁从穆公？子车仲行。维此仲行，百夫之防。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"棘","category":"植物","description":"酸枣树多刺；嫩芽柔弱可比幼子，坚硬枝条又可作薪柴，兼具亲情与劳作意味。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ji.webp","imageAlt":"棘水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；棘；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；棘；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；棘；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；棘；原句“交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"车服","category":"器用","description":"车马、缰绳与车帷构成出行系统，其形制和数量也反映身份与礼仪等级。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/chefu.webp","imageAlt":"车服水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"交交黄鸟，止于棘。谁从穆公？子车奄息。维此奄息，百夫之特。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maos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niǎo","modern":"黄鹂一类的鸟","note":"鸣声清亮的黄色小鸟，传统常释为黄鹂。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["黄鸟"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；词条“黄鸟”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；词条“黄鸟”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·秦风·黄鸟；词条“黄鸟”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"人百其身","pinyin":"rén bǎi qí 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