{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/119-di-du/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"唐风-杕杜","title":"杕杜","group":"国风","region":"唐风","collectionSection":"唐风","theme":"礼乐","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。","summary":"以礼仪、德行与群体生活为中心，在反复吟唱中表达赞美、期望或规劝","interpretation":{"scene":"孤生棠梨枝叶茂盛，一个没有兄弟同行的人独自走在路上。他向行人呼喊：为何不靠近、不帮助一个孤单的人？","emotionalArc":"两章从同父推进到同姓，把求助范围由近亲扩大到宗族。踽踽、睘睘写出身体孤立，反复追问则努力把陌生人转成可能的支持者。","modernReading":"现代阅读可看见社会支持不能只靠血缘。面对独行者，公共服务、邻里互助和同伴关系都能成为“比焉、佽焉”的实际回应。道路上的人并非完全没有看见孤独者，问题在于是否愿意靠近并提供帮助。诗从“同父”唱到“同姓”，也暴露古代支持网络高度依赖宗族，血缘之外的保障尤其稀薄。","boundary":"说话者可能是流亡者、孤子或一般旅人；“同父、同姓”的制度含义有不同解释。杕杜既可标记孤生树形，也可服务于起兴；行路地点、求助结果和同行者身份均不明。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1-1","original":"有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。","translation":"有棵孤独的棠梨树，叶子茂盛繁密。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1-2","original":"独行踽踽。岂无他人？","translation":"我独自行走，孤单无依。难道世上没有别人？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1-3","original":"不如我同父。","translation":"都不如同父的兄弟。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1-4","original":"嗟行之人，胡不比焉？","translation":"可叹路上行人，为什么不来亲近？","rawBlock":0},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-1-5","original":"人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？","translation":"看我没有兄弟，为什么不来帮助。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2-1","original":"有杕之杜，其叶箐箐。","translation":"有棵孤独的棠梨树，叶子青翠繁密。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2-2","original":"独行睘睘。岂无他人？","translation":"我独自行走，孤苦无依。难道世上没有别人？","rawBlock":1},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2-3","original":"不如我同姓。","translation":"都不如同姓亲族。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2-4","original":"嗟行之人，胡不比焉？","translation":"可叹路上行人，为什么不来亲近？","rawBlock":1},{"id":"唐风-杕杜-stanza-2-5","original":"人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？","translation":"看我没有兄弟，为什么不来帮助。","rawBlock":1}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"杕杜","category":"植物","description":"孤生的棠梨树。“杕”突出树木独立道旁的形态，常起兴于行旅、等待与孤单。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/didu-solitary-tree-v1.webp","imageAlt":"杕杜水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","ibcasPlants"],"excerpt":"有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。独行踽踽。岂无他人？不如我同父。嗟行之人，胡不比焉？人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；杕杜；原句“有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。独行踽踽。岂无他人？不如我同父。嗟行之人，胡不比焉？人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；杕杜；原句“有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。独行踽踽。岂无他人？不如我同父。嗟行之人，胡不比焉？人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；杕杜；原句“有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。独行踽踽。岂无他人？不如我同父。嗟行之人，胡不比焉？人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"ibcasPlants","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；杕杜；原句“有杕之杜，其叶湑湑。独行踽踽。岂无他人？不如我同父。嗟行之人，胡不比焉？人无兄弟，胡不佽焉？”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"杜","pinyin":"dù","modern":"棠梨树","note":"落叶乔木，果实较小。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["杜"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“杜”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“杜”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“杜”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"睘睘","pinyin":"qióng qióng","note":"孤独无依的样子。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["睘睘"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“睘睘”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“睘睘”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“睘睘”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"湑","pinyin":"xǔ","note":"清澈，也可形容露水丰沛；此处写露珠凝聚。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"matches":["湑"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“湑”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“湑”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“湑”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"胡","pinyin":"hú","note":"疑问代词，相当于“为什么、怎么”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["胡"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“胡”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“胡”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；词条“胡”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"caishifeng","short":"胡宁：“采诗观风”研究","title":"《从新出史料看先秦“采诗观风”制度》","kind":"近年学术研究","url":"https://www.cssn.cn/wx/wx_zggdwx/202208/t20220802_5442855.shtml"},{"id":"ibcasPlants","short":"中科院植物所：植物分类与科普","title":"中国科学院植物研究所植物园与植物科学资料","kind":"植物分类与物种资料","url":"https://ib.cas.cn/2019gb/kepu/changguan/"}],"review":{"cutoff":"2026-06-30"},"place":"晋南唐地","province":"山西临汾","note":"唐风所涉唐地通常对应晋南，取临汾盆地为锚点。","confidence":"同域分散显示","judgments":{"period":{"label":"宽泛时段推定","confidence":"低","statement":"仅给出便于浏览的宽泛年代范围；学界对不少篇目的具体年代仍有分歧。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；篇目与篇类归属"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；篇题解说与时代讨论"}]},"geography":{"label":"同域分散显示","confidence":"中","statement":"依据《唐风》的传统地域归属设置区域中心；坐标用于地图浏览，不主张本诗作于该精确点位。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；篇目所属地域或篇类"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；篇题地理说明"}]},"interpretation":{"label":"项目原创综合阐释","confidence":"阐释","statement":"场景、情感推进与今日重读属于项目在原文和注本基础上的现代解释，不作为可直接验证的历史事实。","evidence":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；传世正文及传统训释"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·唐风·杕杜；现代注释与篇意讨论"}]}},"song":{"src":"/assets/songs/generated/119-di-du.mp3","durationLabel":"3:20","introduction":"孤生棠梨枝叶茂盛，一个无兄弟同行的人独走呼援，“有杕之杜”把身体孤立写进道路。\n稳健节拍跟随脚步，层层推进从同父扩大到同姓，左右舒展的声场让追问试图把陌生人变成支持者。\n说话者可为流亡者、孤子或旅人，亲属制度与求助结果都未明。这里的当代原创声音转译服务于阅读，并非周代音乐复现。","form":"当代歌谣 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