{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/078-da-shu-yu-tian/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"郑风-大叔于田","title":"大叔于田","group":"国风","region":"郑风","collectionSection":"郑风","theme":"农事","period":"西周至春秋","quote":"叔于田，乘乘马。","summary":"顺着时令与劳作写土地、作物和生活秩序，呈现周人日常世界的节律","interpretation":{"scene":"猎车疾驰，叔能驾马、射猎、控辔，又在火光中脱下弓套、收箭入囊。诗像连续镜头，细写一场大型田猎的速度和技术。","emotionalArc":"三章从入场、追逐推进到收束，动作越来越精确。歌者赞叹的不只是勇猛，也包括停止时的从容：知道何时发力，何时结束。","modernReading":"现代读者可将它视作技能表演，也应看到狩猎背后的组织、动物死亡与等级资源。欣赏古代场景不等于复制其价值。驾车、控辔、发箭和收弓需要长期训练，也需要驭手、随从和马匹共同配合；把功劳只归于中心人物，会抹去支撑表演的其他生命与劳动。","boundary":"传统常把叔指共叔段并寓讽，具体历史对应及“公之媚子”语气难定；项目以田猎表演为主。猎获数量、火猎程序和车马配置只能作场景理解，不能直接对应某次可考狩猎；赞叹中是否含讥刺保持开放。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1-1","original":"叔于田，乘乘马。","translation":"段叔出去打猎，驾着四匹马。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1-2","original":"执辔如组，两骖如舞。","translation":"手中缰绳整齐如编带，两匹骖马轻捷如舞。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1-3","original":"叔在薮，火烈具举。","translation":"段叔进入猎场，四面猎火一齐燃起。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1-4","original":"襢裼暴虎，献于公所。","translation":"他赤膊徒手搏虎，把猎物献到公府。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-1-5","original":"将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。","translation":"请段叔不要习以为常，当心猛兽伤了你。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2-1","original":"叔于田，乘乘黄。","translation":"段叔出去打猎，驾着四匹黄马。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2-2","original":"两服上襄，两骖雁行。","translation":"两匹服马昂首疾驰，两匹骖马像雁阵并行。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2-3","original":"叔在薮，火烈具扬。","translation":"段叔进入猎场，四面猎火熊熊升起。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2-4","original":"叔善射忌，又良御忌。","translation":"他善于射箭，也善于驾车；","rawBlock":1},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-2-5","original":"抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。","translation":"既能收紧缰绳，也能放马奔驰。","rawBlock":1}]},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3","number":3,"segments":[{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3-1","original":"叔于田，乘乘鸨。","translation":"段叔出去打猎，驾着四匹杂色马。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3-2","original":"两服齐首，两骖如手。","translation":"两匹服马齐头并进，两匹骖马配合如双手。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3-3","original":"叔在薮，火烈具阜。","translation":"段叔进入猎场，猎火越烧越盛。","rawBlock":2},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3-4","original":"叔马慢忌，叔发罕忌，","translation":"他从容驱马，很少再放箭；","rawBlock":2},{"id":"郑风-大叔于田-stanza-3-5","original":"抑释掤忌，抑鬯弓忌。","translation":"解下箭筒盖，把弓收回弓袋。","rawBlock":2}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"马","category":"动物","description":"驾车时服马和骖马各有位置；马匹的毛色、体力与步态也传达军旅、出行和身份信息。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/ma-horse-paddock-v1.webp","imageAlt":"马水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"叔于田，乘乘马。执辔如组，两骖如舞。叔在薮，火烈具举。襢裼暴虎，献于公所。将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；马；原句“叔于田，乘乘马。执辔如组，两骖如舞。叔在薮，火烈具举。襢裼暴虎，献于公所。将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；马；原句“叔于田，乘乘马。执辔如组，两骖如舞。叔在薮，火烈具举。襢裼暴虎，献于公所。将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；马；原句“叔于田，乘乘马。执辔如组，两骖如舞。叔在薮，火烈具举。襢裼暴虎，献于公所。将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；马；原句“叔于田，乘乘马。执辔如组，两骖如舞。叔在薮，火烈具举。襢裼暴虎，献于公所。将叔勿狃，戒其伤女。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"雁","category":"动物","description":"雁的队列与鸣声常联系远行、劳役、讯息以及行列整齐的观察。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/yan.webp","imageAlt":"雁水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng","iozAnimals"],"excerpt":"叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；雁；原句“叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；雁；原句“叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；雁；原句“叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"iozAnimals","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；雁；原句“叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"弓","category":"器用","description":"弓利用弓臂弹力发射箭矢，用于田猎、作战和射礼。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/gong-bow-field-v1.webp","imageAlt":"弓水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"叔于田，乘乘鸨。两服齐首，两骖如手。叔在薮，火烈具阜。叔马慢忌，叔发罕忌，抑释掤忌，抑鬯弓忌。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；弓；原句“叔于田，乘乘鸨。两服齐首，两骖如手。叔在薮，火烈具阜。叔马慢忌，叔发罕忌，抑释掤忌，抑鬯弓忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；弓；原句“叔于田，乘乘鸨。两服齐首，两骖如手。叔在薮，火烈具阜。叔马慢忌，叔发罕忌，抑释掤忌，抑鬯弓忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；弓；原句“叔于田，乘乘鸨。两服齐首，两骖如手。叔在薮，火烈具阜。叔马慢忌，叔发罕忌，抑释掤忌，抑鬯弓忌。”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"矢","category":"器用","description":"矢即箭，由箭镞、箭杆和箭羽等部分组成，需与弓配合使用。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shi-arrows-quiver-v1.webp","imageAlt":"矢水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·郑风·大叔于田；矢；原句“叔于田，乘乘黄。两服上襄，两骖雁行。叔在薮，火烈具扬。叔善射忌，又良御忌。抑罄控忌，抑纵送忌。”","precision":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