{"schemaVersion":"1.0.0","canonical":"https://songs.campzhe.com/poems/045-bai-zhou/","contentKinds":{"original":"传世《毛诗》阅读正文","fullTranslation":"项目原创全文今译","interpretation":"项目综合阐释；推测性解释均保留边界说明","annotations":"项目据传统注疏与现代研究综合转述","materialNotes":"诗中名物与生活场景说明","geography":"教学综合示意，不代表精确创作地点或疆界"},"poem":{"id":"鄘风-柏舟","title":"柏舟","group":"国风","region":"鄘风","collectionSection":"鄘风","theme":"忧思","period":"春秋","quote":"我心匪石，不可转也。","summary":"以漂流之舟象征内心无所依凭，却又不可移易。","interpretation":{"scene":"柏木船漂在河中，一名女子认定梳着两髦的少年就是自己的理想伴侣。她面对母亲和上天发誓，至死不会改变选择。河流中的船没有靠岸，正像她的婚姻意愿仍得不到家庭承认。","emotionalArc":"两章只更换“仪、特”和“靡它、靡慝”，誓言一次比一次坚定。她没有诉说甜蜜相处，而把全部力气用来证明自己知道要和谁生活；阻力越大，第一人称越清楚。","modernReading":"现代阅读最应听见的是婚姻自主。父母关心不能替代当事人同意，家庭名义也不能取消个人选择。她呼喊“母也天只”，说明最亲近的人不理解自己时，孤立会格外深。她的誓言首先是在要求自己的判断被认真听见。","boundary":"传统多认为女子拒绝母命另嫁，也有殉情化解读。这里不赞美以死证明爱情，而强调誓言背后被否认的选择权；少年具体身份无法确定。"},"stanzas":[{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-1","number":1,"segments":[{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-1-1","original":"泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。","translation":"柏木船漂浮在河中央。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-1-2","original":"髧彼两髦，实维我仪。","translation":"那位垂着少年发式的男子，正是我选择的配偶。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-1-3","original":"之死矢靡它。","translation":"至死我都发誓不再改变。","rawBlock":0},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-1-4","original":"母也天只，不谅人只！","translation":"母亲啊，上天啊，为什么不体谅我的心。","rawBlock":0}]},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-2","number":2,"segments":[{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-2-1","original":"泛彼柏舟，在彼河侧。","translation":"柏木船漂浮在河岸旁。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-2-2","original":"髧彼两髦，实维我特。","translation":"那位垂着少年发式的男子，正是我唯一的选择。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-2-3","original":"之死矢靡慝。","translation":"至死我都发誓没有别的心意。","rawBlock":1},{"id":"鄘风-柏舟-stanza-2-4","original":"母也天只，不谅人只！","translation":"母亲啊，上天啊，为什么不体谅我的心。","rawBlock":1}]}],"windNotes":[{"name":"舟","category":"器用","description":"木舟用于渡河、交通与渔猎，也常承载漂流、远去和无法追回的情绪。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/zhou.webp","imageAlt":"舟水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；舟；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；舟；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；舟；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"name":"矢","category":"器用","description":"矢即箭，由箭镞、箭杆和箭羽等部分组成，需与弓配合使用。","image":"/assets/windnotes/ink/shi-arrows-quiver-v1.webp","imageAlt":"矢水墨线描示意图","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","cheng"],"excerpt":"泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！","sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；矢；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；矢；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"cheng","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；矢；原句“泛彼柏舟，在彼中河。髧彼两髦，实维我仪。之死矢靡它。母也天只，不谅人只！”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"textAnnotations":[{"term":"彼","pinyin":"bǐ","note":"指示代词，相当于“那、那个、那些”。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["彼"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“彼”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"只","pinyin":"zhǐ","note":"句末或句中语气词，用于咏叹；古音、读法依语境而异。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["只"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“只”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“只”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“只”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"维","pinyin":"wéi","note":"句首或句中语气词，有时相当于“是”；需结合语境理解。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["维"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“维”","precision":"篇内定位"}]},{"term":"靡","pinyin":"mǐ","note":"无、没有；也可能表示倒伏，需随语境辨认。","sourceIds":["maoshi","zhuxi","zhou"],"matches":["靡"],"sourceLocators":[{"sourceId":"maoshi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“靡”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhuxi","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“靡”","precision":"篇内定位"},{"sourceId":"zhou","locator":"国风·鄘风·柏舟；词条“靡”","precision":"篇内定位"}]}],"researchSources":[{"id":"maoshi","short":"毛传·郑笺·孔疏","title":"《毛诗正义》","kind":"传世底本与注疏","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E6%AF%9B%E8%A9%A9%E6%AD%A3%E7%BE%A9"},{"id":"zhuxi","short":"朱熹《诗集传》","title":"《诗集传》","kind":"传统注本","url":"https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%82%B3"},{"id":"gaoheng","short":"高亨《诗经今注》","title":"《诗经今注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://books.google.com/books?id=OjvkzQEACAAJ"},{"id":"cheng","short":"程俊英、蒋见元《诗经注析》","title":"《诗经注析》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://lib2.buct.edu.cn/bookInfo_01h0114296.html"},{"id":"zhou","short":"周振甫《诗经译注》","title":"《诗经译注》","kind":"现代注本","url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA60942546"},{"id":"caishifeng","short":"胡宁：“采诗观风”研究","title":"《从新出史料看先秦“采诗观风”制度》","kind":"近年学术研究","url":"https://www.cssn.cn/wx/wx_zggdwx/202208/t2022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